Over the last decades, the relationship between children and nature has undergone profound changes due to urbanization, the spread of digital technologies, and transformations in lifestyles, leading to a progressive reduction in outdoor experiences. This phenomenon, referred to by some authors as *nature deficit disorder* or *extinction of experience*, has generated growing scientific interest regarding its possible consequences for children's well-being and development. This thesis examines the role of green spaces in child development, exploring the contribution of contact with nature across the main developmental domains: motor, emotional, socio-relational, and cognitive development. Through a literature review, studies are analyzed that highlight how direct experiences in natural environments can foster spontaneous movement, support psychological well-being, promote positive social relationships, and contribute to the improvement of attentional and cognitive abilities. Particular attention is also given to socioeconomic inequalities in access to green spaces and to the educational and social implications associated with children’s increasing disconnection from the natural environment. Subsequently, the study further investigates the theme of *outdoor education* as an educational approach that values learning in natural contexts, analyzing its principles, benefits, and relevant international models. Finally, the experience of Canalescuola in the field of outdoor education is presented, with the aim of exploring its educational practices and organizational structure through the perspective of an educator from the Vicenza branch. The thesis highlights how contact with nature may represent a significant resource for supporting child development and promoting educational pathways capable of responding to children’s needs in contemporary society.
Negli ultimi decenni il rapporto tra bambini e natura ha subito profondi cambiamenti a causa dell’urbanizzazione, della diffusione delle tecnologie digitali e delle trasformazioni degli stili di vita, determinando una progressiva riduzione delle esperienze all’aperto. Questo fenomeno, definito da alcuni autori come nature deficit disorder o extinction of experience, ha suscitato un crescente interesse scientifico per le possibili conseguenze sul benessere e sullo sviluppo infantile. La presente tesi analizza il ruolo degli spazi verdi nello sviluppo del bambino, approfondendo il contributo del contatto con la natura nelle principali aree dello sviluppo: motoria, emotiva, socio-relazionale e cognitiva. Attraverso una revisione della letteratura, vengono esaminati studi che evidenziano come l’esperienza diretta in ambienti naturali possa favorire il movimento spontaneo, sostenere il benessere psicologico, promuovere relazioni sociali positive e contribuire al miglioramento delle capacità attentive e cognitive. Particolare attenzione viene inoltre dedicata alle disuguaglianze socioeconomiche nell’accesso agli spazi verdi e alle implicazioni educative e sociali legate alla progressiva distanza dei bambini dall’ambiente naturale. Successivamente, il lavoro approfondisce il tema dell’outdoor education come approccio educativo che valorizza l’apprendimento in contesti naturali, analizzandone principi, benefici e modelli internazionali di riferimento. Infine, viene presentata l'esperienza di Canalescuola nell'ambito dell'outdoor education, con l’obiettivo di esplorarne pratiche educative e organizzazione attraverso l'intervista a un educatore della sede di Vicenza. La tesi evidenzia come il contatto con la natura possa rappresentare una risorsa significativa per sostenere lo sviluppo infantile e promuovere percorsi educativi capaci di rispondere ai bisogni dei bambini nella società contemporanea.
Crescere nella natura: il ruolo degli spazi verdi nello sviluppo infantile
LAURIA, SARA
2025/2026
Abstract
Over the last decades, the relationship between children and nature has undergone profound changes due to urbanization, the spread of digital technologies, and transformations in lifestyles, leading to a progressive reduction in outdoor experiences. This phenomenon, referred to by some authors as *nature deficit disorder* or *extinction of experience*, has generated growing scientific interest regarding its possible consequences for children's well-being and development. This thesis examines the role of green spaces in child development, exploring the contribution of contact with nature across the main developmental domains: motor, emotional, socio-relational, and cognitive development. Through a literature review, studies are analyzed that highlight how direct experiences in natural environments can foster spontaneous movement, support psychological well-being, promote positive social relationships, and contribute to the improvement of attentional and cognitive abilities. Particular attention is also given to socioeconomic inequalities in access to green spaces and to the educational and social implications associated with children’s increasing disconnection from the natural environment. Subsequently, the study further investigates the theme of *outdoor education* as an educational approach that values learning in natural contexts, analyzing its principles, benefits, and relevant international models. Finally, the experience of Canalescuola in the field of outdoor education is presented, with the aim of exploring its educational practices and organizational structure through the perspective of an educator from the Vicenza branch. The thesis highlights how contact with nature may represent a significant resource for supporting child development and promoting educational pathways capable of responding to children’s needs in contemporary society.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/109531