Gluten quality is one of the main factors determining the technological suitability of wheat milling products intended for pasta production. The aim of the present study was to compare different analytical methods for the determination of gluten quantity and quality in durum wheat semolina and common wheat flour samples, evaluating their ability to characterize the technological properties of wheat milling products and to identify possible correlations among the measured parameters. To this end, physicochemical and technological analyses were carried out using the manual method, Glutomatic, Glutograph, GlutoPeak and Farinograph. The experimental data were analysed by analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson's correlation analysis and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results highlighted compositional and technological differences between semolina and flour samples. The comparison between the manual method and the Glutomatic showed that the measured gluten content was influenced by the different gluten development and extraction procedures, whereas the manual evaluation of gluten tenacity showed only limited agreement with the instrumental methods. Correlation analysis and PCA further demonstrated that none of the analytical methods considered was able, on its own, to comprehensively describe the technological properties of wheat milling products, highlighting the complementary information provided by the different techniques. Overall, the results underline the importance of an integrated analytical approach for a more comprehensive characterization of gluten quality and the technological properties of wheat milling products. However, further studies are needed to correlate the parameters obtained from the different analytical methods with the quality of the resulting pasta, in order to identify the most representative indicators of pasta-making aptitude.
La qualità del glutine rappresenta uno dei principali fattori che determinano l'idoneità tecnologica degli sfarinati destinati alla produzione di pasta. Il presente lavoro ha avuto l'obiettivo di confrontare diverse metodiche analitiche per la determinazione della quantità e della qualità del glutine in campioni di semola di grano duro e farine di frumento tenero, valutandone la capacità di caratterizzare le proprietà tecnologiche degli sfarinati e di individuare eventuali correlazioni tra i parametri ottenuti. A tale scopo sono state eseguite analisi chimico-fisiche e tecnologiche mediante metodo manuale, Glutomatic, Glutograph, GlutoPeak e Farinografo. I dati sono stati elaborati mediante analisi della varianza (ANOVA), correlazioni di Pearson e Analisi delle Componenti Principali (PCA). I risultati hanno evidenziato differenze compositive e tecnologiche tra semole e farine. Il confronto tra metodo manuale e Glutomatic ha mostrato che la quantità di glutine determinata è influenzata dalle modalità di sviluppo ed estrazione del glutine, mentre la valutazione manuale della tenacità ha evidenziato una limitata corrispondenza con le metodiche strumentali. Le analisi di correlazione e la PCA hanno inoltre evidenziato che nessuna delle metodiche considerate è in grado di descrivere, singolarmente, tutte le proprietà tecnologiche degli sfarinati, confermando la complementarità delle informazioni fornite dai diversi metodi. Nel complesso, i risultati evidenziano l'importanza di un approccio analitico integrato per una caratterizzazione più completa della qualità del glutine e delle proprietà tecnologiche degli sfarinati. Tuttavia, saranno necessari ulteriori studi per correlare i parametri ottenuti mediante le diverse metodiche con la qualità della pasta prodotta, al fine di individuare gli indicatori maggiormente rappresentativi dell'attitudine alla pastificazione.
Approccio analitico integrato per la caratterizzazione degli sfarinati di frumento destinati alla pastificazione
PELIZZARI, GAIA
2025/2026
Abstract
Gluten quality is one of the main factors determining the technological suitability of wheat milling products intended for pasta production. The aim of the present study was to compare different analytical methods for the determination of gluten quantity and quality in durum wheat semolina and common wheat flour samples, evaluating their ability to characterize the technological properties of wheat milling products and to identify possible correlations among the measured parameters. To this end, physicochemical and technological analyses were carried out using the manual method, Glutomatic, Glutograph, GlutoPeak and Farinograph. The experimental data were analysed by analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson's correlation analysis and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results highlighted compositional and technological differences between semolina and flour samples. The comparison between the manual method and the Glutomatic showed that the measured gluten content was influenced by the different gluten development and extraction procedures, whereas the manual evaluation of gluten tenacity showed only limited agreement with the instrumental methods. Correlation analysis and PCA further demonstrated that none of the analytical methods considered was able, on its own, to comprehensively describe the technological properties of wheat milling products, highlighting the complementary information provided by the different techniques. Overall, the results underline the importance of an integrated analytical approach for a more comprehensive characterization of gluten quality and the technological properties of wheat milling products. However, further studies are needed to correlate the parameters obtained from the different analytical methods with the quality of the resulting pasta, in order to identify the most representative indicators of pasta-making aptitude.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/110212