This thesis analyzes the emergence of quantum noise in interferometric gravitational wave detection systems. The study was conducted in steps of increasing complexity, starting with the simplest detection system consisting of a single mirror, moving on to the Michelson interferometer, the Fabry-Pérot optical cavity, and finally to current detection techniques. The quantum nature of the electric field used for measurements, by virtue of the uncertainty principle, introduces background noise that, being intractable, creates what is called the Standard Quantum Limit (SQL). Specifically, this thesis aims to investigate the origin and techniques needed to overcome the SQL implemented in modern interferometers, from the use of detuned cavities to squeezed light injection.
La tesi analizza la nascita del rumore quantistico nei sistemi di rivelazione interferometrici delle onde gravitazionali. Lo studio è stato eseguito per passi di complessità, a partire dal sistema di rivelazione più semplice costituito da un singolo specchio, per passare all’interferometro di Michelson, alla cavità ottica di Fabry-Perot fino alle attuali tecniche di rivelazione. La natura quantistica del campo elettrico utilizzato per le misure, in virtù del principio di indeterminazione, introduce un rumore di fondo che, non potendo essere eliminato, crea quello che viene definito Standard Quantum Limit (SQL). In particolare, la tesi si propone di indagare l’origine e le tecniche necessarie a superare l’SQL implementate nei moderni interferometri, dall’uso di cavità detuned a l’iniezione di luce squeezed.
Relazioni di Input/Output e calcolo del rumore quantistico nei rivelatori interferometrici di onde gravitazionali
PIZZOLATO, RICCARDO
2025/2026
Abstract
This thesis analyzes the emergence of quantum noise in interferometric gravitational wave detection systems. The study was conducted in steps of increasing complexity, starting with the simplest detection system consisting of a single mirror, moving on to the Michelson interferometer, the Fabry-Pérot optical cavity, and finally to current detection techniques. The quantum nature of the electric field used for measurements, by virtue of the uncertainty principle, introduces background noise that, being intractable, creates what is called the Standard Quantum Limit (SQL). Specifically, this thesis aims to investigate the origin and techniques needed to overcome the SQL implemented in modern interferometers, from the use of detuned cavities to squeezed light injection.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/110285