In recent years, numerous studies have shown that the complement system also plays roles that are not necessarily related to the immune response. In particular, in vertebrates, its involvement in synaptic pruning—namely, the elimination of excess synapses during the development of the nervous system—is emerging. In invertebrates, however, studies on the non-canonical roles of the complement system are still limited. In this context, the present thesis aims to further investigate these aspects by evaluating the possible involvement of the complement system in the development and subsequent degeneration of the central nervous system in the colonial ascidian Botryllus schlosseri. An inhibitor of the complement protein C3 was microinjected into the circulation of B. schlosseri over the course of one week, with the aim of assessing not only any changes in the blastogenetic cycle but also possible modifications in nervous system development. Subsequently, a commercial anti-C3 antibody was used in immunofluorescence experiments, in combination with an anti-tubulin antibody, in order to highlight potential morphological changes in the nervous system. Immunofluorescence experiments were also conducted on the first day, mid-cycle, and the final day of the weekly blastogenetic cycle to evaluate possible variations in C3 protein expression within the nervous system.
Negli ultimi anni, numerose ricerche hanno evidenziato che il sistema del complemento svolge anche ruoli non necessariamente legati alla risposta immunitaria. In particolare, nei vertebrati sta emergendo un suo coinvolgimento nel synaptic pruning, ossia nell’eliminazione delle sinapsi in eccesso durante lo sviluppo del sistema nervoso. Negli invertebrati, invece, gli studi sui ruoli non canonici del complemento sono ancora limitati. In questo contesto, la presente tesi si propone di approfondire tali aspetti, valutando il possibile coinvolgimento del complemento nello sviluppo e nella successiva degenerazione del sistema nervoso centrale nell’ascidia coloniale Botryllus schlosseri. Un inibitore della proteina del complemento C3 è stato microiniettato, nel corso di una settimana, nella circolazione di B. schlosseri, con l’obiettivo di valutare non solo eventuali cambiamenti nel ciclo blastogenetico, ma anche possibili modifiche nello sviluppo del sistema nervoso. Successivamente, è stato impiegato un anticorpo commerciale anti-C3 in esperimenti di immunofluorescenza, in combinazione con un anticorpo anti-tubulina, al fine di evidenziare eventuali cambiamenti morfologici a livello del sistema nervoso. Esperimenti di immunofluorescenza sono stati inoltre condotti al primo giorno, a metà e all’ultimo giorno del ciclo blastogenetico settimanale, per valutare eventuali variazioni nell’espressione della proteina C3 nel sistema nervoso.
Possibile ruolo del sistema del complemento sul ciclo blastogenetico dell'ascidia coloniale Botryllus schlosseri.
DE ZORZI, ASIA
2025/2026
Abstract
In recent years, numerous studies have shown that the complement system also plays roles that are not necessarily related to the immune response. In particular, in vertebrates, its involvement in synaptic pruning—namely, the elimination of excess synapses during the development of the nervous system—is emerging. In invertebrates, however, studies on the non-canonical roles of the complement system are still limited. In this context, the present thesis aims to further investigate these aspects by evaluating the possible involvement of the complement system in the development and subsequent degeneration of the central nervous system in the colonial ascidian Botryllus schlosseri. An inhibitor of the complement protein C3 was microinjected into the circulation of B. schlosseri over the course of one week, with the aim of assessing not only any changes in the blastogenetic cycle but also possible modifications in nervous system development. Subsequently, a commercial anti-C3 antibody was used in immunofluorescence experiments, in combination with an anti-tubulin antibody, in order to highlight potential morphological changes in the nervous system. Immunofluorescence experiments were also conducted on the first day, mid-cycle, and the final day of the weekly blastogenetic cycle to evaluate possible variations in C3 protein expression within the nervous system.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/110478