Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is currently one of the most prevalent chronic liver diseases worldwide and is strongly associated with metabolic syndrome, obesity, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia. Among the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in hepatic steatosis, the scavenger receptor CD36 plays a central role in fatty acid uptake by hepatocytes and in intracellular lipid accumulation. Therefore, the identification of nutraceutical strategies capable of modulating these metabolic pathways represents an important field of research. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of Handroanthus impetiginosus (Lapacho) extract in controlling metabolic alterations induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) in a murine model of metabolic syndrome. In particular, the effects of the treatment on glucose and lipid metabolism, hepatic lipid accumulation, and CD36 expression were investigated. Six-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomized into four experimental groups: standard diet (SD), HFD, HFD treated with Lapacho 50 mg/kg, and HFD treated with Lapacho 100 mg/kg. Animals were fed for 16 weeks, while oral gavage treatment was administered five times per week during the last 8 weeks of the experimental protocol. Body weight and food intake were monitored throughout the study. At the end of the treatment period, an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed, followed by the evaluation of plasma and hepatic triglyceride and cholesterol levels using colorimetric assays. Hepatic lipid accumulation was further assessed histologically by Oil Red O staining, whereas CD36 and LDLR protein expression was evaluated by Western blot analysis. The results showed that HFD significantly increased body weight, blood glucose levels, and plasma and hepatic triglyceride levels compared with mice fed a standard diet. Lapacho treatment significantly improved glucose tolerance during OGTT, reducing blood glucose levels particularly at 30 and 60 minutes after glucose administration. In addition, the treatment significantly reduced plasma and hepatic triglyceride levels and decreased hepatic lipid accumulation. Western blot analysis revealed a reduction in the hepatic expression of the 50 kDa CD36 isoform in the group treated with Lapacho 50 mg/kg, suggesting a possible involvement of this receptor in the mechanisms underlying the reduction of hepatic steatosis. Overall, these findings indicate that Handroanthus impetiginosus exerts beneficial effects on HFD-induced glucose and lipid dysmetabolism, suggesting a potential nutraceutical role in the management of metabolic alterations associated with metabolic syndrome and MASLD. Further studies are needed to better clarify the molecular mechanisms involved and the role of CD36 modulation in the observed effects.
La malattia epatica associata a disfunzione metabolica (MASLD) rappresenta attualmente una delle principali patologie epatiche croniche a livello globale ed è strettamente correlata alla sindrome metabolica, all’obesità, all’insulino-resistenza e alle dislipidemie. Tra i meccanismi fisiopatologici coinvolti nello sviluppo della steatosi epatica, il recettore scavenger CD36 riveste un ruolo centrale nella captazione degli acidi grassi liberi da parte degli epatociti e nel conseguente accumulo intracellulare di lipidi. L’identificazione di strategie nutraceutiche in grado di modulare tali pathway metabolici rappresenta quindi un importante ambito di ricerca. Il presente studio ha avuto l’obiettivo di valutare l’efficacia dell’estratto di Handroanthus impetiginosus (Lapacho) nel controllo delle alterazioni metaboliche indotte da dieta ad alto contenuto di grassi (High Fat Diet, HFD) in un modello murino di sindrome metabolica. In particolare, sono stati analizzati gli effetti del trattamento sul metabolismo glucidico e lipidico, sull’accumulo di lipidi a livello epatico e sull’espressione del recettore CD36. Topi maschi C57BL/6J di 6 settimane sono stati randomizzati in quattro gruppi sperimentali: dieta standard (SD), dieta HFD, HFD trattata con Lapacho 50 mg/kg e HFD trattata con Lapacho 100 mg/kg. Gli animali sono stati alimentati per 16 settimane, mentre il trattamento mediante gavage orale è stato effettuato cinque volte a settimana durante le ultime 8 settimane di protocollo sperimentale. Nel corso dello studio sono stati monitorati peso corporeo e consumo alimentare. Al termine del trattamento è stato eseguito un test di tolleranza orale al glucosio (OGTT), seguito dalla valutazione dei livelli plasmatici ed epatici di trigliceridi e colesterolo mediante saggi colorimetrici. L’accumulo lipidico epatico è stato inoltre analizzato istologicamente mediante colorazione Oil Red O, mentre l’espressione proteica di CD36 e LDLR è stata valutata tramite Western blot. I risultati hanno evidenziato che la dieta HFD ha determinato un significativo incremento del peso corporeo, della glicemia e dei livelli di trigliceridi plasmatici ed epatici rispetto agli animali alimentati con dieta standard. Il trattamento con Lapacho ha migliorato significativamente il profilo glicemico durante OGTT, riducendo i livelli di glucosio soprattutto ai tempi di 30 e 60 minuti dopo il carico orale di glucosio. Inoltre, il trattamento ha determinato una significativa riduzione dei trigliceridi plasmatici ed epatici, associata ad una diminuzione dell’accumulo lipidico nel fegato. L’analisi Western blot ha mostrato una riduzione dell’espressione della forma epatica di CD36 a 50 kDa nel gruppo trattato con Lapacho 50 mg/kg, suggerendo un possibile coinvolgimento di questo recettore nei meccanismi responsabili della riduzione della steatosi epatica. I risultati ottenuti indicano che Handroanthus impetiginosus esercita effetti favorevoli sul dismetabolismo glucidico e lipidico indotto da HFD, suggerendo un potenziale ruolo nutraceutico nel controllo delle alterazioni metaboliche associate alla sindrome metabolica e alla MASLD. Ulteriori studi saranno necessari per chiarire i meccanismi molecolari coinvolti e il ruolo della modulazione di CD36 negli effetti osservati.
Valutazione dell’efficacia dell’estratto di Handroanthus impetiginosus (Lapacho) nel controllo della steatosi epatica, della dislipidemia e dell’iperglicemia indotte da dieta ad alto contenuto di grassi in topi C57BL/6J
CRESCENZIO, MARCO
2025/2026
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is currently one of the most prevalent chronic liver diseases worldwide and is strongly associated with metabolic syndrome, obesity, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia. Among the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in hepatic steatosis, the scavenger receptor CD36 plays a central role in fatty acid uptake by hepatocytes and in intracellular lipid accumulation. Therefore, the identification of nutraceutical strategies capable of modulating these metabolic pathways represents an important field of research. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of Handroanthus impetiginosus (Lapacho) extract in controlling metabolic alterations induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) in a murine model of metabolic syndrome. In particular, the effects of the treatment on glucose and lipid metabolism, hepatic lipid accumulation, and CD36 expression were investigated. Six-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomized into four experimental groups: standard diet (SD), HFD, HFD treated with Lapacho 50 mg/kg, and HFD treated with Lapacho 100 mg/kg. Animals were fed for 16 weeks, while oral gavage treatment was administered five times per week during the last 8 weeks of the experimental protocol. Body weight and food intake were monitored throughout the study. At the end of the treatment period, an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed, followed by the evaluation of plasma and hepatic triglyceride and cholesterol levels using colorimetric assays. Hepatic lipid accumulation was further assessed histologically by Oil Red O staining, whereas CD36 and LDLR protein expression was evaluated by Western blot analysis. The results showed that HFD significantly increased body weight, blood glucose levels, and plasma and hepatic triglyceride levels compared with mice fed a standard diet. Lapacho treatment significantly improved glucose tolerance during OGTT, reducing blood glucose levels particularly at 30 and 60 minutes after glucose administration. In addition, the treatment significantly reduced plasma and hepatic triglyceride levels and decreased hepatic lipid accumulation. Western blot analysis revealed a reduction in the hepatic expression of the 50 kDa CD36 isoform in the group treated with Lapacho 50 mg/kg, suggesting a possible involvement of this receptor in the mechanisms underlying the reduction of hepatic steatosis. Overall, these findings indicate that Handroanthus impetiginosus exerts beneficial effects on HFD-induced glucose and lipid dysmetabolism, suggesting a potential nutraceutical role in the management of metabolic alterations associated with metabolic syndrome and MASLD. Further studies are needed to better clarify the molecular mechanisms involved and the role of CD36 modulation in the observed effects.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/111580