This thesis examines the role of genetics in personality by exploring the concepts of heritability, modern genomic analysis methods, and the relationship between personality traits and psychopathology. After reviewing the main models of behavioral genetics, it describes twin studies, the ACE model, and Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS), highlighting their contribution to understanding the biological basis of individual differences. Particular attention is devoted to the analysis of a recent study published in Nature Human Behaviour (Levey et al., 2024), which investigated the genetic architecture of personality traits and their overlap with psychopathological disorders. The findings confirm that personality is a highly polygenic trait, shaped by the interaction of numerous genetic variants and environmental factors. Furthermore, the study reveals a substantial genetic overlap between certain personality traits, particularly neuroticism, and mental health conditions such as depression and anxiety. The thesis concludes by emphasizing both the potential of modern genomic approaches for advancing personality research and the methodological and interpretative limitations that still characterize this field, highlighting the importance of an integrated perspective that considers both genetic and environmental influences.
La presente tesi analizza il ruolo della genetica nella personalità, approfondendo il concetto di ereditabilità, le moderne metodologie di analisi genomica e le relazioni tra tratti di personalità e psicopatologia. Dopo una revisione dei principali modelli della genetica comportamentale, vengono descritti gli studi su gemelli, il modello ACE e le Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS), evidenziandone il contributo alla comprensione delle basi biologiche delle differenze individuali. Particolare attenzione è dedicata all'analisi di un recente studio pubblicato su Nature Human Behaviour (Levey et al., 2024), che ha indagato l'architettura genetica dei tratti di personalità e la loro sovrapposizione con diversi disturbi psicopatologici. I risultati confermano che la personalità rappresenta un tratto altamente poligenico, influenzato dall'interazione di numerose varianti genetiche e fattori ambientali. Inoltre, emerge una significativa condivisione delle basi genetiche tra alcuni tratti di personalità, in particolare il nevroticismo, e disturbi quali depressione e ansia. La tesi conclude evidenziando sia le potenzialità delle moderne tecniche genomiche nello studio della personalità, sia i principali limiti metodologici e interpretativi della ricerca attuale, sottolineando l'importanza di un approccio integrato che consideri congiuntamente fattori genetici e ambientali.
EREDITABILITÀ, ARCHITETTURA GENOMICA E PSICOPATOLOGIA NELLA PERSONALITA’: ANALISI DELLA LETTERATURA
POLONIATO, DAVIDE
2025/2026
Abstract
This thesis examines the role of genetics in personality by exploring the concepts of heritability, modern genomic analysis methods, and the relationship between personality traits and psychopathology. After reviewing the main models of behavioral genetics, it describes twin studies, the ACE model, and Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS), highlighting their contribution to understanding the biological basis of individual differences. Particular attention is devoted to the analysis of a recent study published in Nature Human Behaviour (Levey et al., 2024), which investigated the genetic architecture of personality traits and their overlap with psychopathological disorders. The findings confirm that personality is a highly polygenic trait, shaped by the interaction of numerous genetic variants and environmental factors. Furthermore, the study reveals a substantial genetic overlap between certain personality traits, particularly neuroticism, and mental health conditions such as depression and anxiety. The thesis concludes by emphasizing both the potential of modern genomic approaches for advancing personality research and the methodological and interpretative limitations that still characterize this field, highlighting the importance of an integrated perspective that considers both genetic and environmental influences.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/113709