Suicidal behavior represents a significant public health problem and is the result of the complex interaction between biological, psychological, and social factors. Its multifactorial nature makes this phenomenon particularly difficult to understand and predict. In recent years, neuroimaging techniques have contributed to identifying the neural correlates potentially involved in suicidal behavior, opening new avenues for the search for biomarkers of suicide risk. The aim of this thesis is to identify the patterns of brain activation associated with suicidal behavior, in order to improve the understanding of the underlying neurobiological mechanisms and contribute to the early identification of individuals at higher risk of attempted suicide. For this purpose, a meta-analysis was conducted of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies that compared subjects diagnosed with a mental disorder and a history of suicide attempts, subjects diagnosed with a mental disorder but without previous suicide attempts, and healthy controls. Activation coordinates, reported in MNI stereotactic space (or converted into this space when necessary), were analyzed using the GingerALE software, using the Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) method, to identify brain areas that show statistically significant convergence across the selected studies. The results highlight some heterogeneity across studies, underscoring the need for further research aimed at clarifying the neurobiological bases of suicidal behavior and identifying more reliable biomarkers of suicide attempt risk.
La condotta suicidaria rappresenta un rilevante problema di salute pubblica ed è il risultato della complessa interazione tra fattori biologici, psicologici e sociali. La sua natura multifattoriale rende questo fenomeno particolarmente difficile da comprendere e da prevedere. Negli ultimi anni, le tecniche di neuroimaging hanno contribuito a identificare i correlati neurali potenzialmente coinvolti nel comportamento suicidario, aprendo nuove prospettive per la ricerca di biomarcatori del rischio suicidario. L'obiettivo della presente tesi è individuare i pattern di attivazione cerebrale associati alla condotta suicidaria, al fine di migliorare la comprensione dei meccanismi neurobiologici sottostanti e di contribuire all'identificazione precoce degli individui a maggior rischio di tentato suicidio. A tale scopo è stata condotta una meta-analisi degli studi di risonanza magnetica funzionale (fMRI) che hanno confrontato soggetti con diagnosi di disturbo mentale e storia di tentato suicidio, soggetti con diagnosi di disturbo mentale ma senza precedenti tentativi di suicidio e controlli sani. Le coordinate di attivazione, riportate nello spazio stereotassico MNI (o convertite in tale spazio quando necessario), sono state analizzate mediante il software GingerALE, utilizzando il metodo Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE), al fine di individuare le aree cerebrali che mostrano una convergenza statisticamente significativa tra gli studi selezionati. I risultati evidenziano una certa eterogeneità tra gli studi, sottolineando la necessità di ulteriori ricerche volte a chiarire le basi neurobiologiche del comportamento suicidario e a individuare biomarcatori più affidabili del rischio di tentato suicidio.
Correlati neurali della condotta suicidaria: una meta-analisi fMRI
BOIN, NICOLE
2025/2026
Abstract
Suicidal behavior represents a significant public health problem and is the result of the complex interaction between biological, psychological, and social factors. Its multifactorial nature makes this phenomenon particularly difficult to understand and predict. In recent years, neuroimaging techniques have contributed to identifying the neural correlates potentially involved in suicidal behavior, opening new avenues for the search for biomarkers of suicide risk. The aim of this thesis is to identify the patterns of brain activation associated with suicidal behavior, in order to improve the understanding of the underlying neurobiological mechanisms and contribute to the early identification of individuals at higher risk of attempted suicide. For this purpose, a meta-analysis was conducted of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies that compared subjects diagnosed with a mental disorder and a history of suicide attempts, subjects diagnosed with a mental disorder but without previous suicide attempts, and healthy controls. Activation coordinates, reported in MNI stereotactic space (or converted into this space when necessary), were analyzed using the GingerALE software, using the Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) method, to identify brain areas that show statistically significant convergence across the selected studies. The results highlight some heterogeneity across studies, underscoring the need for further research aimed at clarifying the neurobiological bases of suicidal behavior and identifying more reliable biomarkers of suicide attempt risk.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/113769