Droplet microfluidics is increasingly employed to manipulate micrometric solid particles in bioanalytical applications, such as agglutination assays and immunocapture. Unlike molecular tracers, which faithfully follow flow lines, these particles are affected by inertial and gravitational effects and tend to accumulate near the stagnation points of the internal recirculation flow field within the droplet, exhibiting a pattern strongly dependent on channel geometry. While behavior in circular channels and rectangular channels with an aspect ratio distinct from 1 has been extensively characterized in the literature, the case of square-section channels remains unexplored to date.In this thesis, a droplet-on-demand microfluidic setup was therefore developed and characterized, enabling the generation of single droplets with independent control over volume and timing. Characterization confirmed the expected linear dependence between droplet length, valve opening time, and water pressure ($R^2 > 0.97$). The setup was then used to measure, via high-speed microscopy, particle accumulation profiles in square channels as a function of droplet velocity ($Ca$ between $2.6 \times 10^{-4}$ and $4.15 \times 10^{-3}$) and aspect ratio ($2-8$).Unlike the localized clouds observed in circular and rectangular channels, a continuous concentration gradient is found along the entire droplet, strongly dependent on the aspect ratio but independent of velocity and $Ca$. This behavior suggests a more complex internal vortex topology compared to the cases studied in the literature so far.
La microfluidica di gocce viene sempre più impiegata per manipolare particelle solide micrometriche in applicazioni bioanalitiche, quali saggi di agglutinazione e immunocattura. A differenza dei traccianti molecolari, che seguono fedelmente le linee di flusso, queste particelle risentono di effetti inerziali e gravitazionali e tendono ad accumularsi in prossimità dei punti di ristagno del campo di ricircolazione interno alla goccia, con un pattern fortemente dipendente dalla geometria del canale. Se il comportamento nei canali circolari e in quelli rettangolari con aspect ratio ben distinto da 1 è stato ampiamente caratterizzato in letteratura, il caso del canale a sezione quadrata resta a oggi inesplorato. Questa tesi è stato quindi sviluppato e caratterizzato un setup microfluidico droplet-on demand, che consente la generazione di gocce singole con controllo indipendente su volume e tempistica. La caratterizzazione ha confermato la dipendenza lineare attesa tra lunghezza della goccia, tempo di apertura della valvola e pressione dell’acqua (R2 > 0,97). Il setup è stato poi usato per misurare, tramite microscopia ad alta velocità, i profili di accumulo di particelle in canali quadrati al variare della velocità della goccia (Ca tra 2,6 × 10−4 e 4,15 × 10−3) e dell’aspect ratio (2-8). A differenza dellenuvole localizzate osservate nei canali circolarie rettangolari,siriscontra un gradiente di concentrazione continuo lungo l’intera goccia, dipendente in modo marcato dall’aspect ratio ma indipendente dalla velocità e da Ca, un comportamento che suggerisce una topologia dei vortici interni più complessa rispetto ai casi finora studiati in letteratura.
Sviluppo di un setup microfluidrico drop-on-demand per lo studio dell'accumulo di particelle micrometriche
PREVEDELLO, MARCO
2025/2026
Abstract
Droplet microfluidics is increasingly employed to manipulate micrometric solid particles in bioanalytical applications, such as agglutination assays and immunocapture. Unlike molecular tracers, which faithfully follow flow lines, these particles are affected by inertial and gravitational effects and tend to accumulate near the stagnation points of the internal recirculation flow field within the droplet, exhibiting a pattern strongly dependent on channel geometry. While behavior in circular channels and rectangular channels with an aspect ratio distinct from 1 has been extensively characterized in the literature, the case of square-section channels remains unexplored to date.In this thesis, a droplet-on-demand microfluidic setup was therefore developed and characterized, enabling the generation of single droplets with independent control over volume and timing. Characterization confirmed the expected linear dependence between droplet length, valve opening time, and water pressure ($R^2 > 0.97$). The setup was then used to measure, via high-speed microscopy, particle accumulation profiles in square channels as a function of droplet velocity ($Ca$ between $2.6 \times 10^{-4}$ and $4.15 \times 10^{-3}$) and aspect ratio ($2-8$).Unlike the localized clouds observed in circular and rectangular channels, a continuous concentration gradient is found along the entire droplet, strongly dependent on the aspect ratio but independent of velocity and $Ca$. This behavior suggests a more complex internal vortex topology compared to the cases studied in the literature so far.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/115022