Biofumigant green manure represents a sustainable agronomic practice for the control of soil-borne pathogens and soil-dwelling pests, as an alternative or complementary approach to conventional chemical methods. This literature-based thesis examines the main soil-borne harmful organisms, including fungi, oomycetes, bacteria, nematodes, and insects, highlighting their impact on agricultural production. The thesis explores the principles of biofumigation, with particular emphasis on the glucosinolate–myrosinase system characteristic of Brassicaceae and the production of isothiocyanates, compounds with biocidal activity. Other biofumigant compounds, such as the cyanogenic glycosides present in sorghum, are also considered. The main plant species used for biofumigation and the agronomic management practices adopted for green manure, including mowing and soil incorporation, are described, together with the factors affecting their efficacy. Finally, a case study on potato cultivation is examined, focusing on the comparison between the use of high-dhurrin sorghum and Brassica juncea. Overall, biofumigant green manure emerges as a promising strategy for more sustainable agricultural systems management.
Il sovescio biofumigante rappresenta una pratica agronomica sostenibile per il controllo dei patogeni terricoli e dei fitofagi del suolo, in alternativa o in integrazione ai metodi chimici tradizionali. La presente tesi compilativa analizza i principali organismi dannosi di origine terricola, tra cui funghi, oomiceti, batteri, nematodi e insetti, evidenziandone l’impatto sulle produzioni agricole. L’elaborato approfondisce i principi della biofumigazione, con particolare riferimento al sistema glucosinolati-mirosinasi tipico delle Brassicaceae e alla formazione di isotiocianati, composti dotati di attività biocida. Sono inoltre considerati altri composti biofumiganti, come i glicosidi cianogenici presenti nel sorgo. Vengono descritte le principali specie vegetali impiegate e le tecniche agronomiche di gestione del sovescio, tra cui trinciatura e incorporazione nel suolo, nonché i fattori che ne influenzano l’efficacia. Infine, sono analizzati gli aspetti economici della biofumigazione attraverso un caso studio sulla coltura della patata, confrontando i benefici produttivi e i costi rispetto ai metodi tradizionali. Nel complesso, il sovescio biofumigante emerge come una strategia promettente per una gestione più sostenibile dei sistemi agricoli.
IL SOVESCIO BIOFUMIGANTE: una strategia sostenibile per il controllo dei patogeni terricoli
FRIGO, ALBERTO
2025/2026
Abstract
Biofumigant green manure represents a sustainable agronomic practice for the control of soil-borne pathogens and soil-dwelling pests, as an alternative or complementary approach to conventional chemical methods. This literature-based thesis examines the main soil-borne harmful organisms, including fungi, oomycetes, bacteria, nematodes, and insects, highlighting their impact on agricultural production. The thesis explores the principles of biofumigation, with particular emphasis on the glucosinolate–myrosinase system characteristic of Brassicaceae and the production of isothiocyanates, compounds with biocidal activity. Other biofumigant compounds, such as the cyanogenic glycosides present in sorghum, are also considered. The main plant species used for biofumigation and the agronomic management practices adopted for green manure, including mowing and soil incorporation, are described, together with the factors affecting their efficacy. Finally, a case study on potato cultivation is examined, focusing on the comparison between the use of high-dhurrin sorghum and Brassica juncea. Overall, biofumigant green manure emerges as a promising strategy for more sustainable agricultural systems management.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/116789