The Outdoor Learning approach was the focus of this paper and, in particular, it attempted to answer the following research question: "What is the professional profile required of a supportive teacher who embraces the Outdoor Learning approach?". Firstly, in order to answer the formulated research question, through the analysis of the literature it was possible to outline a theoretical framework both in geographical and pedagogical perspective to understand the constituent elements of the Outdoor Learning. From the research conducted, it was also understood that the Outdoor Learning concerns precisely the formal context, i.e., the school context, and involves a real synergy between indoor and outdoor. Secondly, before drawing up a professional profile specifically related to the Outdoor Learning, it was essential to reflect on what professional skills were required of the teacher who works in Italy. Therefore, starting from the document drawn up by the MIUR in 2018, entitled Sviluppo professionale e qualità della formazione continua, the twelve professional standards that every teacher is required to master were described and, thanks to these standards, the teacher profile emerged. Furthermore, from the analysis of the standards it was observed that teaching cannot be conceived as a mere technical matter, since, among the many competences, the emotional-relational ones play a central role. An in-depth description of motivating and demotivating teaching styles has thus helped to understand how the former are more effective than the latter and, at the same time, how the teacher who embraces the Outdoor Learning approach is invited to distinguish himself as a supportive teacher, able to accompany and motivate students, without forgetting to leave them a significant level of freedom. It is only after a review of the literature outlined above that it was possible to answer the research question that guided the whole process. In fact, since in the national context there is a lack of training on Outdoor Learning and, at the same time, a measure of the competences that the teacher should have, the proposal was to outline the teacher's professional profile by referring to the one drawn up by MIUR in 2018. Specifically, the twelve standards were declined according to the features of the Outdoor Learning approach, previously retrieved from the literature analysis. In addition, they were related to the five areas of professionalism described by the MIUR, i.e., culture, didactics, organisation, institution/community and profession. Although the profile outlined is extremely dynamic, since it should be modified and expanded as appropriate in accordance with the needs of the context in which every teacher works, it has the considerable advantage of helping teachers to orientate their work and to reflect on their expected professional behaviour, also with a view to improvement and innovation. Despite the conviction that it is not possible to cover the whole issue, the intention was to emphasise the professional requirements closely related to the field of the Outdoor Learning. In order to identify more specifically the professional competences expected and to find a shared denomination to define the Outdoor Learning approach, the first step could therefore be a training investment addressed to school staff and, especially, to those teachers who wish to alternate indoor and outdoor in a synergic way.
L’approccio dell’Outdoor Learning ha rappresentato il fulcro del presente elaborato e, in particolare, quest’ultimo ha tentato di rispondere alla seguente domanda di ricerca: “Qual è il profilo professionale richiesto ad un insegnante supportivo che abbraccia l’approccio dell’Outdoor Learning?”. In primo luogo, al fine di rispondere alla domanda di ricerca formulata, attraverso l’analisi della letteratura è stato possibile delineare una cornice teorica sia in prospettiva geografica che pedagogica per cogliere gli elementi costitutivi della didattica all’aperto. Dalla ricerca condotta si è anche compreso che l’Outdoor Learning si riferisce precisamente al contesto formale, ovvero a quello scolastico, e prevede una vera e propria sinergia tra indoor e outdoor. In secondo luogo, prima di procedere con la stesura di un profilo professionale specificamente connesso alla didattica all’aperto, si è rivelato essenziale interrogarsi su quali fossero le competenze professionali richieste al docente che opera in Italia. Pertanto, a partire dal documento stilato dal MIUR nel 2018, intitolato Sviluppo professionale e qualità della formazione continua, sono stati descritti i dodici standard professionali che ciascun insegnante è chiamato a padroneggiare e, grazie a questi ultimi, è emerso il profilo di tale docente. Inoltre, dall’analisi degli standard si è notato come l’insegnamento non possa essere concepito come una mera questione tecnica, dal momento che, tra le numerose competenze, quelle emotivo-relazionali giocano un ruolo centrale. Una descrizione approfondita degli stili di insegnamento motivanti e demotivanti ha consentito allora di comprendere quanto i primi siano maggiormente efficaci rispetto ai secondi e, al contempo, quanto lo stesso insegnante che abbraccia l’approccio dell’Outdoor Learning sia invitato a contraddistinguersi come supportivo, in grado quindi di accompagnare e motivare gli studenti, senza dimenticare però di lasciare loro un notevole grado di libertà. Solo dopo aver proceduto alla disamina della letteratura sopra illustrata, è stato possibile rispondere alla domanda di ricerca che ha guidato l’intero percorso. In realtà, poiché nel contesto nazionale vi è una carenza di formazione in merito all’Outdoor Learning e, al contempo, non è disponibile una misura delle competenze che l’insegnante dovrebbe possedere, la proposta è stata quella di delineare il profilo professionale del docente richiamando quello stilato dal MIUR nel 2018. Nello specifico, i dodici standard sono stati declinati sulla base delle caratteristiche dell’approccio didattico outdoor, precedentemente ricavate dall’analisi della letteratura. In aggiunta, essi sono stati connessi alle cinque aree della professionalità descritte dal MIUR, ovvero a quella della cultura, della didattica, dell’organizzazione, dell’istituzione/comunità e della professione. Sebbene il profilo delineato si connoti come estremamente dinamico, visto che dovrebbe essere opportunamente modificato e ampliato in rapporto alle esigenze del contesto in cui ogni insegnante opera, esso possiede comunque il rilevante merito di aiutare il docente a orientare il proprio operato e a riflettere circa i comportamenti professionali attesi, anche in un’ottica di miglioramento e innovazione. Pur nella convinzione di non riuscire a esaurire completamente la questione, l’intento è stato quello di mettere in luce i requisiti professionali strettamente circoscritti all’ambito della didattica all’aperto. Allo scopo di individuare ancora più specificamente le competenze professionali attese e di trovare una denominazione condivisa per designare l’approccio dell’Outdoor Learning, il primo passo potrebbe essere pertanto costituito da un investimento formativo indirizzato al personale scolastico e, nello specifico, a quei docenti che desiderano alternare in modo sinergico indoor e outdoor.
Outdoor Learning: una sinergia tra dentro e fuori Profilo professionale di un insegnante supportivo che abbraccia l'approccio della didattica all'aperto
RANCAN, MARTINA MARIA
2021/2022
Abstract
The Outdoor Learning approach was the focus of this paper and, in particular, it attempted to answer the following research question: "What is the professional profile required of a supportive teacher who embraces the Outdoor Learning approach?". Firstly, in order to answer the formulated research question, through the analysis of the literature it was possible to outline a theoretical framework both in geographical and pedagogical perspective to understand the constituent elements of the Outdoor Learning. From the research conducted, it was also understood that the Outdoor Learning concerns precisely the formal context, i.e., the school context, and involves a real synergy between indoor and outdoor. Secondly, before drawing up a professional profile specifically related to the Outdoor Learning, it was essential to reflect on what professional skills were required of the teacher who works in Italy. Therefore, starting from the document drawn up by the MIUR in 2018, entitled Sviluppo professionale e qualità della formazione continua, the twelve professional standards that every teacher is required to master were described and, thanks to these standards, the teacher profile emerged. Furthermore, from the analysis of the standards it was observed that teaching cannot be conceived as a mere technical matter, since, among the many competences, the emotional-relational ones play a central role. An in-depth description of motivating and demotivating teaching styles has thus helped to understand how the former are more effective than the latter and, at the same time, how the teacher who embraces the Outdoor Learning approach is invited to distinguish himself as a supportive teacher, able to accompany and motivate students, without forgetting to leave them a significant level of freedom. It is only after a review of the literature outlined above that it was possible to answer the research question that guided the whole process. In fact, since in the national context there is a lack of training on Outdoor Learning and, at the same time, a measure of the competences that the teacher should have, the proposal was to outline the teacher's professional profile by referring to the one drawn up by MIUR in 2018. Specifically, the twelve standards were declined according to the features of the Outdoor Learning approach, previously retrieved from the literature analysis. In addition, they were related to the five areas of professionalism described by the MIUR, i.e., culture, didactics, organisation, institution/community and profession. Although the profile outlined is extremely dynamic, since it should be modified and expanded as appropriate in accordance with the needs of the context in which every teacher works, it has the considerable advantage of helping teachers to orientate their work and to reflect on their expected professional behaviour, also with a view to improvement and innovation. Despite the conviction that it is not possible to cover the whole issue, the intention was to emphasise the professional requirements closely related to the field of the Outdoor Learning. In order to identify more specifically the professional competences expected and to find a shared denomination to define the Outdoor Learning approach, the first step could therefore be a training investment addressed to school staff and, especially, to those teachers who wish to alternate indoor and outdoor in a synergic way.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/11766