Biostimulants are active substances on plant metabolism that increase the plant's production capacity by having effects on: secondary metabolism, increased bioavailability of nutrients and control of biotic stresses. These substances can be subdivided into microbial biostimulants, when we are talking about a symbiosis between plants and other microorganisms or a consortium of them, identifiable as bacteria or organisms belonging to the kingdom of fungi; and non-microbial, comprising a vast range of bioactive molecules of both organic and mineral origin. These substances are more widely used in horticultural and floricultural crops in greenhouses and less in open-field due to the lower economic marginality, where the increase in production is not sufficient to cover the higher costs arising from the use of these products. Among the various species in which they are used in Italy, the cucurbit family plays an important role, cultivated both in a protected environment and in the open field, particularly watermelon, melon, zucchini, cucumber and pumpkin. The surface area is around 10,000 hectares in protected environment and around 70,000 hectares in open field. The main activities that these substances carry out on cucurbits are due to an increase in yield and production quality with the same inputs used, leading to an increase in economic marginality and a decrease in environmental impact. In addition, the greater efficiency of the plant's secondary metabolism leads to greater tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses.
I biostimolanti sono sostanze attive sul metabolismo vegetale che svolgono un’attività di incremento delle capacità produttive della pianta con effetti su: metabolismo secondario, biodisponibilità di nutrienti e controllo di stress biotici ed abiotici. Queste sostanze possono essere suddivise in biostimolanti microbici e non microbici. I primi si identificano in una simbiosi tra organismi vegetali e un microrganismo o un consorzio di essi, come batteri oppure organismi appartenenti al regno dei funghi. I non microbici comprendono una vastità di molecole bioattive di origine sia organica che minerale. Queste sostanze trovano maggiore impiego nelle coltivazioni orto-floricole in serra e meno nelle coltivazioni di pieno campo a causa della minore marginalità economica di queste ultime, dove l’incremento produttivo non è sufficiente a coprire i maggiori costi derivanti dall’impiego di questi prodotti. Tra le varie specie in cui vengono impiegati in Italia, svolge un ruolo importante la famiglia delle Cucurbitacee coltivate sia in ambiente protetto che in pieno campo, in particolare: cocomero, melone, zucchino, cetriolo e zucca. La superficie si attesta intorno ai 10.000 ha in ambiente protetto e circa 70.000 ha in pieno campo. Le attività principali che queste sostanze svolgono sulle Cucurbitacee sono da ricondurre ad un aumento della resa unitaria e della qualità della produzione a parità di input impiegati, comportando un aumento della marginalità economica e una diminuzione dell’impatto ambientale, inoltre la maggior efficienza del metabolismo secondario della pianta comporta una maggiore tolleranza agli stress biotici ed abiotici.
Biostimolanti: applicazione su colture orticole afferenti alla famiglia delle Cucurbitaceae
CECCHETTO, FRANCESCO
2022/2023
Abstract
Biostimulants are active substances on plant metabolism that increase the plant's production capacity by having effects on: secondary metabolism, increased bioavailability of nutrients and control of biotic stresses. These substances can be subdivided into microbial biostimulants, when we are talking about a symbiosis between plants and other microorganisms or a consortium of them, identifiable as bacteria or organisms belonging to the kingdom of fungi; and non-microbial, comprising a vast range of bioactive molecules of both organic and mineral origin. These substances are more widely used in horticultural and floricultural crops in greenhouses and less in open-field due to the lower economic marginality, where the increase in production is not sufficient to cover the higher costs arising from the use of these products. Among the various species in which they are used in Italy, the cucurbit family plays an important role, cultivated both in a protected environment and in the open field, particularly watermelon, melon, zucchini, cucumber and pumpkin. The surface area is around 10,000 hectares in protected environment and around 70,000 hectares in open field. The main activities that these substances carry out on cucurbits are due to an increase in yield and production quality with the same inputs used, leading to an increase in economic marginality and a decrease in environmental impact. In addition, the greater efficiency of the plant's secondary metabolism leads to greater tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
Tesi Francesco Cecchetto.pdf
accesso riservato
Dimensione
887.59 kB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
887.59 kB | Adobe PDF |
The text of this website © Università degli studi di Padova. Full Text are published under a non-exclusive license. Metadata are under a CC0 License
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/49105