In last years, climate change became evident, so sustainable solutions are being found to reduce its causes and effects. A possible solution concerns the use of renewable energy sources with a low ecological footprint. In this thesis, starting to the legislation on the subject, practices are analyzed whereby agricultural biomasses are used for the production of biogas, which is a fuel with low environmental impact. In agriculture, biogas is produced in digesters fed by "green" corn with an obvious criticality in the sustainability of the system. Alternatively, cultivation of energetic cover crops and the double cropping system, with which land yields can be maximized, can be considered. The strengths, weaknesses and critical issues of these systems are highlighted. Then are analyzed some alternative crops to be included in the rotation for the production of biogas. Attention must also be paid to the residue of anaerobic digestion, i.e. the digestate, whose effects on the soil will be explained.
Negli ultimi anni il cambiamento climatico è sempre più evidente per questo si cercano soluzioni sostenibili per ridurne le cause e gli effetti. Un punto centrale riguarda l’utilizzo di fonti di energie rinnovabili e a bassa impronta ecologica. In questa tesi, dopo uno sguardo alla normativa sull’argomento, vengono analizzate delle pratiche per cui si utilizzano biomasse agricole per la produzione di biogas, un carburante a basso impatto ambientale. In agricoltura il biogas viene prodotto in digestori alimentati a mais “verde” con un’evidente criticità sulla sostenibilità del sistema. In alternativa, possono essere considerate la coltivazione di cover crops energetiche e il sistema a doppia coltivazione con cui si riescono a massimizzare le rese dei terreni. Di questi sistemi vengono evidenziati pregi, difetti e criticità. Sono poi analizzate alcune colture alternative da inserire nella rotazione per la produzione di biogas. Attenzione va anche rivolta al residuo della digestione anaerobica, ovvero il digestato, di cui verranno esplicitati gli effetti sul suolo.
La produzione di biogas da biomasse agricole. Valutazione dell’utilizzo di colture alternative e cover crops.
GECHELIN, GIOVANNI
2022/2023
Abstract
In last years, climate change became evident, so sustainable solutions are being found to reduce its causes and effects. A possible solution concerns the use of renewable energy sources with a low ecological footprint. In this thesis, starting to the legislation on the subject, practices are analyzed whereby agricultural biomasses are used for the production of biogas, which is a fuel with low environmental impact. In agriculture, biogas is produced in digesters fed by "green" corn with an obvious criticality in the sustainability of the system. Alternatively, cultivation of energetic cover crops and the double cropping system, with which land yields can be maximized, can be considered. The strengths, weaknesses and critical issues of these systems are highlighted. Then are analyzed some alternative crops to be included in the rotation for the production of biogas. Attention must also be paid to the residue of anaerobic digestion, i.e. the digestate, whose effects on the soil will be explained.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/59202