This paper aims to investigate the phenomenon of Assisted Interventions with Animals, especially Equestrian Rehabilitation through the mediation of the horse. This intervention is understood as an opportunity to heal the wounds resulting from an insecure attachment developed in the child who has experienced in his or her early childhood experiences that can be defined as traumatic, which did not allow the development of a secure attachment. All this is made possible by the encounter with the family adoptive, who tries to find the right compromise to strengthen the child's identity by means of the horse. Within the paper, the following three themes are interwoven: Animal Assisted Interventions (specifically: Equestrian Rehabilitation), the attachment system, and the phenomenon of adoption. Within the first chapter, the topic of "IAA" is addressed: Assisted Interventions with Animals, which represent an asset within activities designed and structured ad hoc for the individual undertaking this type of intervention. We thus witness the attempt to create a communicative and empathic relationship with the animal, seen as something unique, which helps to implement introspection within oneself to bring out hidden parts, all this through a process of common exchange and growth. Specifically, equine rehabilitation is a type of IAA, which relies on the mediation of the horse by intervening on the person on a global level. The horse proves to be imposing, challenging and at the same time fascinating. It gives us its warm body and a large supporting surface that comforts, thus giving us the opportunity to experience a restorative for body and mind. The second chapter provides a presentation of attachment theory, offering an excursus on the beginnings of this phenomenon, going into the specifics of the "Strange Situation" thanks to which different types of attachment have been identified. Finally, the third chapter focuses on the topic of adoption; the family in this area has the role of accommodating the suffering and wounds resulting from a difficult past and of put the pieces back together to rebuild the balance of the child and the new family unit. One of the adoptive family's own developmental tasks is to create a secure attachment bond. In particular, a research project is presented with the aim of strengthening the bonds between members of the adoptive family, within a structured cycle of activities designed with the horse. The therapeutic intervention with the horse, which involves the entire family and therefore is not limited only to child-animal interaction, allows the transition from a situation of fear and insecurity (due to situations previously experienced by the child) to a condition in which the adopted child and parents can build a relationship of secure attachment, which leads the child to develop a more solid and balanced. So, through organized activities and experiences mediated by the presence of the horse, the child learns to perceive his surroundings positively and to trust more of the parental figures present, being able to trust to a greater extent in his own own abilities.
Il presente elaborato si propone di indagare il fenomeno degli Interventi Assistiti con gli Animali, in particolar modo la Riabilitazione Equestre attraverso la mediazione del cavallo. Questo intervento viene inteso come opportunità per sanare le ferite derivanti da un attaccamento insicuro sviluppatosi nel bambino che ha sperimentato nella sua prima infanzia vissuti che possono essere definiti traumatici, i quali non hanno permesso lo sviluppo di un attaccamento sicuro. Tutto ciò viene reso possibile grazie all’incontro con la famiglia adottiva, la quale cerca di trovare il giusto compromesso per rafforzare l’identità del minore per mezzo del cavallo. All’interno dell’elaborato vengono intrecciate le seguenti tre tematiche: gli Interventi Assistiti con gli animali (nello specifico: la Riabilitazione Equestre), il sistema di attaccamento e il fenomeno dell’adozione. All’interno del primo capitolo, viene affrontato il tema dell’”IAA”: Interventi Assistiti con gli Animali, i quali rappresentano una ricchezza all’interno di attività pensate e strutturate ad hoc per il soggetto che intraprende questo tipo di intervento. Si assiste così al tentativo di creare un rapporto comunicativo ed empatico con l’animale, visto come qualcosa di unico, il quale aiuta ad attuare un’introspezione all’interno di sé per far fuoriuscire parti nascoste, tutto questo mediante un processo di scambio e crescita comune. Nello specifico, la riabilitazione equestre è un tipo di IAA, che si basa sulla mediazione del cavallo intervenendo sulla persona a livello globale. Il cavallo si dimostra imponente, impegnativo ed allo stesso tempo affascinante. Ci dona il suo corpo caldo e una grande superficie di appoggio che conforta, dando così la possibilità di vivere un’esperienza rigenerante per il corpo e la mente. Il secondo capitolo fornisce una presentazione della teoria dell’attaccamento, offrendo un excursus sugli albori di questo fenomeno, andando nello specifico della “Strange Situation” grazie alla quale sono stati individuati differenti tipi di attaccamento. Infine, il terzo capitolo si sofferma sul tema dell’adozione, la famiglia in questo ambito ha il ruolo di accogliere le sofferenze e le ferite derivanti da un passato difficile e di rimettere insieme i pezzi per ricostruire l’equilibrio del minore e del nuovo nucleo familiare. Uno dei compiti di sviluppo propri della famiglia adottante consiste nella creazione di un legame di attaccamento sicuro. In particolare, viene presentato un progetto di ricerca avente lo scopo di rinforzare i legami tra i membri della famiglia adottiva, all’interno di un ciclo strutturato di attività pensate con il cavallo. L’intervento terapeutico con il cavallo, che coinvolge l’intera famiglia e dunque non si limita solo all’interazione bambino-animale, permette il passaggio da una situazione di paura e insicurezza (dovuta a situazioni precedentemente sperimentate dal bambino) ad una condizione in cui il bambino adottato e i genitori possono costruire una relazione d’attaccamento sicura, la quale porta il minore a sviluppare una propria identità più solida ed equilibrata. Dunque, attraverso attività organizzate ed esperienze mediate dalla presenza del cavallo, il bambino impara a percepire positivamente ciò che lo circonda e a fidarsi maggiormente delle figure genitoriali presenti, riuscendo a confidare in maggior misura nelle proprie capacità.
Teoria dell’attaccamento e Riabilitazione Equestre: il cavallo come mediatore nelle relazioni familiari adottive.
PIATTO, CLAUDIA
2023/2024
Abstract
This paper aims to investigate the phenomenon of Assisted Interventions with Animals, especially Equestrian Rehabilitation through the mediation of the horse. This intervention is understood as an opportunity to heal the wounds resulting from an insecure attachment developed in the child who has experienced in his or her early childhood experiences that can be defined as traumatic, which did not allow the development of a secure attachment. All this is made possible by the encounter with the family adoptive, who tries to find the right compromise to strengthen the child's identity by means of the horse. Within the paper, the following three themes are interwoven: Animal Assisted Interventions (specifically: Equestrian Rehabilitation), the attachment system, and the phenomenon of adoption. Within the first chapter, the topic of "IAA" is addressed: Assisted Interventions with Animals, which represent an asset within activities designed and structured ad hoc for the individual undertaking this type of intervention. We thus witness the attempt to create a communicative and empathic relationship with the animal, seen as something unique, which helps to implement introspection within oneself to bring out hidden parts, all this through a process of common exchange and growth. Specifically, equine rehabilitation is a type of IAA, which relies on the mediation of the horse by intervening on the person on a global level. The horse proves to be imposing, challenging and at the same time fascinating. It gives us its warm body and a large supporting surface that comforts, thus giving us the opportunity to experience a restorative for body and mind. The second chapter provides a presentation of attachment theory, offering an excursus on the beginnings of this phenomenon, going into the specifics of the "Strange Situation" thanks to which different types of attachment have been identified. Finally, the third chapter focuses on the topic of adoption; the family in this area has the role of accommodating the suffering and wounds resulting from a difficult past and of put the pieces back together to rebuild the balance of the child and the new family unit. One of the adoptive family's own developmental tasks is to create a secure attachment bond. In particular, a research project is presented with the aim of strengthening the bonds between members of the adoptive family, within a structured cycle of activities designed with the horse. The therapeutic intervention with the horse, which involves the entire family and therefore is not limited only to child-animal interaction, allows the transition from a situation of fear and insecurity (due to situations previously experienced by the child) to a condition in which the adopted child and parents can build a relationship of secure attachment, which leads the child to develop a more solid and balanced. So, through organized activities and experiences mediated by the presence of the horse, the child learns to perceive his surroundings positively and to trust more of the parental figures present, being able to trust to a greater extent in his own own abilities.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/65766