Pediatric asthma is one of the most common chronic conditions, with a general prevalence of approximately 10% in Italy (Ministry of Health). It is characterized by airway inflammation and reversible airway obstruction (Ministry of Health), potentially having a significant impact on the quality of life and psychological well-being of children and adolescents (Sharpe, Jaffe, Jones, Hunt, & Dudeney, 2017; Wayne J. Katon, Richardson, Lozano, & McCauley, 2004). The aim of the study is to investigate the general and psychological functioning of these patients, comparing them with a control sample. The clinical sample included 102 patients aged between 6 and 18 years (64 males and 28 females), while the control sample comprised 61 individuals aged between 7 and 15 years (32 males and 27 females). It is hypothesized that patients with asthma will exhibit higher levels of anxiety compared to the control sample, with significant differences related to gender (Santarossa, Nabbijohn, van der Miesen, Peragine, & VanderLaan, 2019) and age (Bandelow & Michaelis, 2022). Additionally, the level of disease control was considered, hypothesizing that patients with poor symptom control might exhibit lower levels of general psychological adaptation (Del Giacco, Cappai, Gambula, & Cabras, 2016). Multiple instruments were utilized in this research. Four standardized questionnaires were used to gather data on psychological well-being and anxiety levels: the Separation Anxiety Assessment Scale for Children (SAAS-C; Mendez, Espada, Orgiles, Llavona, & Garcia-Fernandez, 2014), the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale (SCAS; Spence, 1997, 1998), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAI-C; Spielberger, Gorsuch, Lushene, Vagg, & Jacobs, 1983), and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire for Children (SDQ; Marzocchi, et al., 2002). For the evaluation of medical indices, two other standardized tools were used: the Asthma Control Test (ACT; Liu, et al., 2007) and the GINA (GINA Scientific Committee, 2023; Vermeulen, et al., 2013). A custom survey was created to collect sociodemographic information of the sample, including gender, age, and attitudes towards asthma. Understanding and analyzing these data is crucial for comprehending this high-incidence pathology, whose prevalence appears to be on the rise (Istituto Superiore di Sanità, n.d.). Fully understanding this pathology, including its psychological aspects, would allow for the identification of its peculiarities and the organization of tailored projects for these patients, thus promoting a good quality of life and adequate support for development
L'asma pediatrica è una delle condizioni croniche più comuni, con una prevalenza generale attorno al 10% circa in Italia (Ministero della Salute), caratterizzata da una infiammazione delle vie aeree e un’ostruzione reversibile al flusso respiratorio (Ministero della Salute), con un possibile impatto significativo sulla qualità di vita e sul benessere psicologico di bambini e adolescenti (Sharpe, Jaffe, Jones, Hunt, & Dudeney, 2017; Wayne J. Katon, Richardson, Lozano, & Mccauley, 2004). L’obiettivo della ricerca è quello di indagare il funzionamento generale e psicologico di questi pazienti, confrontandolo con quello di un campione di controllo. Il campione clinico ha incluso 102 pazienti di età compresa tra i 6 e i 18 anni (64 maschi e 28 femmine), mentre il campione di controllo ha compreso 61 individui con un’età variabile tra i 7 e i 15 anni (32 maschi e 27 femmine). Si ipotizza che i pazienti affetti da patologia asmatica, abbiano maggiori livelli di ansia rispetto al campione di controllo e che vi siano differenze significative in relazione a genere (Santarossa, Nabbijohn , van der Miesen, Peragine, & VanderLaan, 2019) ed età (Bandelow & Michaelis, 2022). È stato, inoltre, preso in considerazione il grado di controllo della malattia, ipotizzando che i pazienti con un basso controllo dei sintomi possano presentare un minore livello di adattamento psicologico generale (Del Giacco, Cappai, Gambula, & Cabras, 2016). Per questa ricerca sono stati utilizzati molteplici strumenti; in primo luogo, sono stati utilizzati quattro questionari standardizzati per l’acquisizione di dati riguardanti il benessere psicologico e i livelli di ansia: Separation Anxiety Assessment Scale for Children (SAAS-C; Mendez, Espada, Orgiles, Llavona, & Garcia-Fernandez, 2014), Spence Children’s Anxiety (SCAS; Spence, 1997,1998), State-Trait Anxiety Scales Inventory for Children (STAI-C; Spielberger, Gorsuch, Lushene, Vagg, & Jacobs, 1983), The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire – children’s (SDQ; Marzocchi, et al., 2002). Per la valutazione degli indici medici, invece, sono stati utilizzati altri due strumenti standardizzati: Asthma Control Test (ACT; Liu, et al., 2007) e il GINA (Gina Scientific Committee, 2023; Vermeulen, et al., 2013). Infine, è stata creata una survey ad hoc con lo scopo di raccogliere informazioni relative alle caratteristiche sociodemografiche del campione, quali: genere, età e informazioni in merito al loro atteggiamento nei confronti dell’asma. La comprensione e l’analisi dei suddetti dati risulta di fondamentale importanza per la comprensione di questa patologia a forte incidenza e la cui prevalenza sembra seguire un trend in costante aumento (Istituto superiore di sanità, s.d.). Comprendere a pieno una patologia, anche nei suoi risvolti psicologici permetterebbe di coglierne le peculiarità ed organizzare progetti ad hoc per questi pazienti, tentando così di promuovere una buona qualità della vita e un adeguato supporto allo sviluppo.
Analisi esplorativa sulle relazioni tra caratteristiche SOCIO-DEMOGRAFICHE, CONTROLLO DELLA MALATTIA e LIVELLO DI ADATTAMENTO PSICOLOGICO in un gruppo di pazienti asmatici in età pediatrica
FRACCARO, GIORGIA
2023/2024
Abstract
Pediatric asthma is one of the most common chronic conditions, with a general prevalence of approximately 10% in Italy (Ministry of Health). It is characterized by airway inflammation and reversible airway obstruction (Ministry of Health), potentially having a significant impact on the quality of life and psychological well-being of children and adolescents (Sharpe, Jaffe, Jones, Hunt, & Dudeney, 2017; Wayne J. Katon, Richardson, Lozano, & McCauley, 2004). The aim of the study is to investigate the general and psychological functioning of these patients, comparing them with a control sample. The clinical sample included 102 patients aged between 6 and 18 years (64 males and 28 females), while the control sample comprised 61 individuals aged between 7 and 15 years (32 males and 27 females). It is hypothesized that patients with asthma will exhibit higher levels of anxiety compared to the control sample, with significant differences related to gender (Santarossa, Nabbijohn, van der Miesen, Peragine, & VanderLaan, 2019) and age (Bandelow & Michaelis, 2022). Additionally, the level of disease control was considered, hypothesizing that patients with poor symptom control might exhibit lower levels of general psychological adaptation (Del Giacco, Cappai, Gambula, & Cabras, 2016). Multiple instruments were utilized in this research. Four standardized questionnaires were used to gather data on psychological well-being and anxiety levels: the Separation Anxiety Assessment Scale for Children (SAAS-C; Mendez, Espada, Orgiles, Llavona, & Garcia-Fernandez, 2014), the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale (SCAS; Spence, 1997, 1998), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAI-C; Spielberger, Gorsuch, Lushene, Vagg, & Jacobs, 1983), and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire for Children (SDQ; Marzocchi, et al., 2002). For the evaluation of medical indices, two other standardized tools were used: the Asthma Control Test (ACT; Liu, et al., 2007) and the GINA (GINA Scientific Committee, 2023; Vermeulen, et al., 2013). A custom survey was created to collect sociodemographic information of the sample, including gender, age, and attitudes towards asthma. Understanding and analyzing these data is crucial for comprehending this high-incidence pathology, whose prevalence appears to be on the rise (Istituto Superiore di Sanità, n.d.). Fully understanding this pathology, including its psychological aspects, would allow for the identification of its peculiarities and the organization of tailored projects for these patients, thus promoting a good quality of life and adequate support for developmentFile | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/69985