This thesis aims to assess the economic and environmental sustainability of organic farms over the medium to long term through a comparative and dynamic analysis. The thesis initially describes the historical evolution of organic farming, analyzing the challenges faced over time, and then defines the organic method with reference to its principles, adopted practices, and the necessary requirements for converting a conventional farm to organic. Subsequently, the analysis focuses on the agronomic and environmental aspects of the organic method, specifically on the ecological services provided by organically managed farms compared to those managed conventionally, in order to identify the corresponding benefits of the organic process. The objective of the thesis is to evaluate the impact of the organic system on economic and environmental sustainability in the medium to long term, using as a case study several farms from the Veneto region, collected by the RICA (Italian Farm Accounting Data Network). The parameters used in the evaluation include productivity indicators (yields), market indicators (prices), and income indicators (gross margin) of the most significant crops in Veneto (soft wheat, corn, soy, vine for wine production). The analyzed period spans from 2021 to 2022. The farm-level analyses made it possible to measure the efficiency and sustainability of the organic method compared to conventional farming over the medium to long term.
In questo lavoro di tesi si intende valutare la sostenibilità economica e ambientale delle aziende biologiche nel medio-lungo periodo mediante un’analisi comparata e dinamica. Nella tesi si descrive inizialmente l’evoluzione storica dell’agricoltura biologica, analizzando le problematiche incontrate nel corso del tempo, per poi definire il metodo biologico con riferimento ai principi, alle pratiche adottate nonché ai requisiti necessari per procedere alla conversione di un’azienda agricola. Successivamente, l’analisi si focalizza sugli aspetti agronomico-ambientali del metodo biologico e, nello specifico, sui servizi ecologici erogati dalle aziende in regime biologico rispetto a quelle gestite in modo convenzionale così da individuare i corrispondenti benefici prodotti dal processo biologico. L’obiettivo della tesi è di valutare l’impatto sulla sostenibilità economica e ambientale del sistema biologico nel medio-lungo termine, utilizzando come caso studio alcune aziende del Veneto rilevate dalla rete contabile comunitarie della RICA (Rete Italiana di Contabilità Agraria). I parametri impiegati nella valutazione includono indicatori di produttività (rese), di mercato (prezzi) e di reddito (margine lordo) delle coltivazioni, erbacee e arboree, più significative nel Veneto (frumento tenero, mais, soia, vite destinata a vini a denominazione). Il periodo analizzato è il decennio 2012-2022. Le analisi aziendali hanno permesso di misurare l’efficienza e la sostenibilità del metodo biologico rispetto al convenzionale nel medio-lungo periodo.
La sostenibilità economica delle aziende biologiche nel medio-lungo periodo
SOLARO, SAMUELE
2023/2024
Abstract
This thesis aims to assess the economic and environmental sustainability of organic farms over the medium to long term through a comparative and dynamic analysis. The thesis initially describes the historical evolution of organic farming, analyzing the challenges faced over time, and then defines the organic method with reference to its principles, adopted practices, and the necessary requirements for converting a conventional farm to organic. Subsequently, the analysis focuses on the agronomic and environmental aspects of the organic method, specifically on the ecological services provided by organically managed farms compared to those managed conventionally, in order to identify the corresponding benefits of the organic process. The objective of the thesis is to evaluate the impact of the organic system on economic and environmental sustainability in the medium to long term, using as a case study several farms from the Veneto region, collected by the RICA (Italian Farm Accounting Data Network). The parameters used in the evaluation include productivity indicators (yields), market indicators (prices), and income indicators (gross margin) of the most significant crops in Veneto (soft wheat, corn, soy, vine for wine production). The analyzed period spans from 2021 to 2022. The farm-level analyses made it possible to measure the efficiency and sustainability of the organic method compared to conventional farming over the medium to long term.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/73000