Introduction. Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is a group of neurological disorders caused by genetic alterations, characterized by weakness, muscle stiffness, and hyperreflexia in the lower limbs. Classification is complex and up to 80 possible genes are involved; it is a rare, chronic-degenerative disease. Management focuses on symptom management, mainly through drug therapy and patient-tailored physical therapy. However, there are no guidelines on physical therapy management in the literature. Objective. To evaluate the feasibility of a physical therapy management that includes outpatient treatment followed by home treatment and to verify its effectiveness on walking ability (6MWT) and on the main body functions. Methods and Intervention. Four patients were recruited at the I.R.C.C.S. E. Medea “La Nostra Famiglia” in Pieve di Soligo. The physical therapy program included 10 outpatient sessions of 120 minutes each, followed by a 6-week home program. The treatment principles were: training of lower limb strength and core stability, balance, endurance and flexibility. Patients were assessed at T0 (baseline), T1 (post-outpatient intervention assessment) and T2 (final assessment). At T1 and T2, the feasibility of the management was assessed through questionnaires. The physiotherapy assessment, carried out at T0, T1 and T2, was performed using the following tools: 6 Minutes Walking Test (6MWT), 10 Meters Walk Test (10mWT), 5 Times Sit To Stand (5TSTS), manual dynamometer strength test, joint examination with digital inclinometer, Functional Reach Test (FRT), Prokin 252 stabilometric platform to assess balance and Spastic Paraplegia Rating Scale (SPRS). Results. All feasibility criteria of the study were fully met regarding the outpatient program. The adherence criterion was only partially met. Walking activity, assessed by 6MWT, improved at T2 for all four patients. The assessments performed using 10mWT, 5TSTS, FRT and stabilometric platform, although showing heterogeneous results, show a positive trend. The values obtained through strength tests, joint examination and SPRS do not show significant changes. Conclusions. A multimodal physical therapy management that includes an outpatient and a home program for patients with HSP, based on different treatment principles, is feasible in terms of recruitment, adherence, retention, adverse events and patient satisfaction. It also proves effective on walking activity in quantitative terms and on balance skills. Future studies involving a larger sample are needed to draw generalizable conclusions about the real effectiveness of physical therapy management in patients with HSP.
Introduzione. La paraparesi spastica ereditaria (HSP) è un gruppo di disturbi neurologici causati da alterazioni genetiche caratterizzati da debolezza, rigidità muscolare e iper-riflessia negli arti inferiori. La classificazione risulta complessa e si contano fino a 80 possibili geni coinvolti; è una patologia rara a carattere cronico-degenerativo. La presa in carico si focalizza sulla gestione della sintomatologia, soprattutto tramite terapia farmacologica ed un intervento fisioterapico calato sul paziente. In letteratura non sono presenti, tuttavia, delle linee guida sulla presa in carico fisioterapica. Obiettivo. Valutare la fattibilità di una presa in carico fisioterapica che preveda un trattamento ambulatoriale seguito da un trattamento domiciliare e verificarne l’efficacia sull’attività di cammino (6MWT) e sulle principali funzioni corporee. Metodi e Intervento. Sono stati reclutati 4 pazienti presso l’I.R.C.C.S. E. Medea “La Nostra Famiglia” di Pieve di Soligo. Il programma fisioterapico ha previsto 10 sedute ambulatoriali di 120 minuti ciascuna, seguite da un programma domiciliare di 6 settimane. I principi di trattamento sono stati: allenamento della forza degli arti inferiori e della core stability, dell’equilibrio, della resistenza e della flessibilità. I pazienti sono stati valutati a T0 (valutazione iniziale), T1 (valutazione post-intervento ambulatoriale) e T2 (valutazione finale). A T1 e T2 è stata valutata la fattibilità della presa in carico tramite dei questionari. La valutazione fisioterapica, svolta a T0, T1 e T2, è stata eseguita tramite i seguenti strumenti: 6 Minutes Walking Test (6MWT), 10 Meters Walk Test (10mWT), 5 Times Sit To Stand (5TSTS), test di forza con dinamometro manuale, esame articolare tramite inclinometro digitale, Functional Reach Test (FRT), pedana stabilometrica Prokin 252 per valutare l’equilibrio e Spastic Paraplegia Rating Scale (SPRS). Risultati. I criteri di fattibilità dello studio sono stati tutti completamente rispettati per quando riguarda il programma ambulatoriale. Il criterio dell’aderenza è stato solo parzialmente rispettato. L’attività di cammino, valutata tramite 6MWT risulta migliorata a T2 per tutti e quattro i pazienti. Le valutazioni effettuate tramite 10mWT, 5TSTS, FRT e pedana stabilometrica, pur mostrando risultati eterogenei, evidenziano una tendenza positiva. I valori ottenuti tramite i test di forza, l’esame articolare e la SPRS non mostrano cambiamenti significativi. Conclusioni. Una presa in carico fisioterapica multimodale che preveda un programma ambulatoriale ed uno domiciliare per pazienti affetti da HSP, basato su diversi principi di trattamento, risulta essere fattibile in termini di reclutamento, aderenza, ritenzione, eventi avversi e soddisfazione dei pazienti. Risulta inoltre efficace sull’attività di cammino in termini quantitativi e sulle competenze di balance. Studi futuri che prendano in considerazione un campione più ampio sono necessari per trarre delle conclusioni generalizzabili riguardo la reale efficacia della presa in carico fisioterapica in pazienti affetti da HSP.
La presa in carico fisioterapica del paziente affetto da paraparesi spastica ereditaria: verifica di fattibilità e benefici sul cammino
DALLA VALLE, GIACOMO
2023/2024
Abstract
Introduction. Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is a group of neurological disorders caused by genetic alterations, characterized by weakness, muscle stiffness, and hyperreflexia in the lower limbs. Classification is complex and up to 80 possible genes are involved; it is a rare, chronic-degenerative disease. Management focuses on symptom management, mainly through drug therapy and patient-tailored physical therapy. However, there are no guidelines on physical therapy management in the literature. Objective. To evaluate the feasibility of a physical therapy management that includes outpatient treatment followed by home treatment and to verify its effectiveness on walking ability (6MWT) and on the main body functions. Methods and Intervention. Four patients were recruited at the I.R.C.C.S. E. Medea “La Nostra Famiglia” in Pieve di Soligo. The physical therapy program included 10 outpatient sessions of 120 minutes each, followed by a 6-week home program. The treatment principles were: training of lower limb strength and core stability, balance, endurance and flexibility. Patients were assessed at T0 (baseline), T1 (post-outpatient intervention assessment) and T2 (final assessment). At T1 and T2, the feasibility of the management was assessed through questionnaires. The physiotherapy assessment, carried out at T0, T1 and T2, was performed using the following tools: 6 Minutes Walking Test (6MWT), 10 Meters Walk Test (10mWT), 5 Times Sit To Stand (5TSTS), manual dynamometer strength test, joint examination with digital inclinometer, Functional Reach Test (FRT), Prokin 252 stabilometric platform to assess balance and Spastic Paraplegia Rating Scale (SPRS). Results. All feasibility criteria of the study were fully met regarding the outpatient program. The adherence criterion was only partially met. Walking activity, assessed by 6MWT, improved at T2 for all four patients. The assessments performed using 10mWT, 5TSTS, FRT and stabilometric platform, although showing heterogeneous results, show a positive trend. The values obtained through strength tests, joint examination and SPRS do not show significant changes. Conclusions. A multimodal physical therapy management that includes an outpatient and a home program for patients with HSP, based on different treatment principles, is feasible in terms of recruitment, adherence, retention, adverse events and patient satisfaction. It also proves effective on walking activity in quantitative terms and on balance skills. Future studies involving a larger sample are needed to draw generalizable conclusions about the real effectiveness of physical therapy management in patients with HSP.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
DallaValle_Giacomo.pdf
accesso aperto
Dimensione
3.88 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
3.88 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
The text of this website © Università degli studi di Padova. Full Text are published under a non-exclusive license. Metadata are under a CC0 License
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/77145