The spread of Xylella fastidiosa represents a significant threat to global agriculture, getting worse by climate change. This paper briefly describes the biology of the bacterium X. fastidiosa and its forms of transmission through insect vectors. The geographical distribution of the pathogen is analyzed in relation to the presence of host plants, with particular attention to the recent epidemic in Europe and its socioeconomic consequences. Furthermore, sustainable agronomic practices and integrated management strategies to contain the spread of the bacterium are discussed, including the control of infected plants, the use of tolerant cultivars, and vector monitoring. Finally, the paper explores the effects of climate change on the spread of X. fastidiosa, pointing out how rising temperatures and changes in precipitation can support the spread of the pathogen and increase the susceptibility of host plants. Through a review of scientific literature and case study analysis, this work offers a broad overview of current knowledge and future research directions regarding the epidemiology of Xylella and the management of diseases caused by this bacterium.
L’espansione di Xylella fastidiosa rappresenta una minaccia significativa per l’agricoltura globale, aggravata dai cambiamenti climatici. Questo elaborato descrive brevemente la biologia del batterio X. Fastidiosa e le sue modalità di trasmissione tramite insetti vettori. Viene analizzata la distribuzione geografica del patogeno in relazione alla presenza delle piante ospiti, con particolare attenzione alla recente epidemia in Europa e alle conseguenze socioeconomiche. Inoltre, vengono discusse le pratiche agronomiche sostenibili e le strategie di gestione integrata per contenere la diffusione del batterio, inclusi il controllo delle piante infette, l’uso di cultivar tolleranti, e il monitoraggio dei vettori. Infine, l’elaborato esplora gli effetti del cambiamento climatico sulla diffusione di X. fastidiosa, evidenziando come l’aumento delle temperature e le variazioni nelle precipitazioni possano favorire la diffusione del patogeno e aumentare la suscettibilità delle piante ospiti. Attraverso una revisione della letteratura scientifica e l’analisi di casi studio, questo lavoro offre un’ampia panoramica delle attuali conoscenze e delle future direzioni di ricerca riguardanti l’epidemiologia di Xylella e la gestione delle malattie causate da questo batterio.
L'espansione di Xylella fastidiosa: impatto dei cambiamenti climatici e strategie di gestione
RAUNISI, LUCA
2023/2024
Abstract
The spread of Xylella fastidiosa represents a significant threat to global agriculture, getting worse by climate change. This paper briefly describes the biology of the bacterium X. fastidiosa and its forms of transmission through insect vectors. The geographical distribution of the pathogen is analyzed in relation to the presence of host plants, with particular attention to the recent epidemic in Europe and its socioeconomic consequences. Furthermore, sustainable agronomic practices and integrated management strategies to contain the spread of the bacterium are discussed, including the control of infected plants, the use of tolerant cultivars, and vector monitoring. Finally, the paper explores the effects of climate change on the spread of X. fastidiosa, pointing out how rising temperatures and changes in precipitation can support the spread of the pathogen and increase the susceptibility of host plants. Through a review of scientific literature and case study analysis, this work offers a broad overview of current knowledge and future research directions regarding the epidemiology of Xylella and the management of diseases caused by this bacterium.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/78003