Social withdrawal among adolescents and Hikikomori, the term used to describe a more severe condition of withdrawal, spread in many countries and seem to be typical of industrialized and rich countries. Several risk factors are associated with the onset of Hikikomori, but literature is lacking in content when it comes to describing how social withdrawal manifests in North and South of Italy and if there are any differences between the two parts of the country. Aim: The aim of this study was to explore social withdrawal risk in North and South Italian teenagers, to discover any links with parenting style, emotion regulation and satisfaction with life and to compare the scores of North and South Italian teenagers. Methods: students from North and South of Italy, recruited in schools, were administered 4 self-report tools, Hikikomori Risk Inventory (HRI), Parenting Style Inventory-II (PSI-II), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). Then, a second, homogeneous in terms of geographical origin and gender, sample (N = 300; Mean age = 15.68, sd = 1.34) was randomly drawn. Correlations analysis were performed to find links between variables, while t-tests for independent samples were performed to confront the two groups. Results: Significant correlations were found among variables, while t-tests revealed that there seems to be no significant difference between North and South in terms of Hikikomori risk and life satisfaction, while it seems that Southern teenagers are slightly more depressed and have slightly more difficulties in emotion regulation than their Northern peers. Parenting Style Inventory revealed that Northern parents tend to be slightly more responsive and grant a little more autonomy to their children than their Southern counterparts. Conclusion: These findings contribute to a better understanding of social withdrawal and hikikomori phenomena among adolescents in Italy, as data on differences of both parts of the country were collected and analysed.
Il ritiro sociale negli adolescenti e Hikikomori, il termine che viene utilizzato per descrivere il ritiro sociale nella sua condizione più severa, si sono diffusi in molti paesi e sembrano tipici di paesi ricchi e industrializzati. Diversi fattori di rischio sono associati all'inizio di Hikikomori, ma la letteratura risulta essere piuttosto carente e contraddittoria quando si parla di differenze tra Nord e Sud Italia. Obiettivo: l'obiettivo di questo studio era di esplorare il rischio di ritiro sociale negli adolescenti italiani di Nord e Sud, di scoprire eventuali collegamenti con stile di parenting, regolazione emotiva e soddisfazione di vita, e confrontare i due gruppi di adolescenti settentrionali e meridionali. Metodi: agli studenti di Nord e Sud Italia, reclutati nelle scuole, sono stati somministrati 4 strumenti self-report, l'Hikikomori Risk Inventory (HRI), il Parenting Style Inventory-II (PSI-II), la Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), e la Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). Successivamente è stato estratto un secondo campione, omogeneo in termini di provenienza geografica e genere (N= 300; età media = 15.68; ds = 1.34). Sono state eseguite analisi delle correlazioni per trovare legami tra le variabili, mentre i t-test per campioni indipendenti per confrontare i due gruppi. Risultati: sono state trovate correlazioni significative tra le variabili, mentre i test t hanno dimostrato che sembrano non esserci differenze significative tra Nord e Sud in termini di rischio di Hikikomori e soddisfazione di vita, mentre sembra che gli adolescenti meridionali siano leggermente più depressi e abbiano leggermente un po' più di difficoltà di regolazione emotiva rispetto ai loro coetanei settentrionali. Il Parenting Style Inventory invece ha rivelato che i genitori del Nord tendono ad essere lievemente più responsivi e a lasciare leggermente più autonomia ai loro figli rispetto ai loro corrispettivi meridionali. Conclusione: questi risultati contribuiscono ad una maggior comprensione dei fenomeni di ritiro sociale e Hikikomori tra gli adolescenti italiani, in quanto sono stati raccolti e analizzati dati sulle differenze tra Nord e Sud del paese.
Il ritiro sociale negli adolescenti italiani tra Nord e Sud: esplorazione dei legami con regolazione emotiva, stile genitoriale e soddisfazione di vita
LEGORANO, ALESSANDRO
2023/2024
Abstract
Social withdrawal among adolescents and Hikikomori, the term used to describe a more severe condition of withdrawal, spread in many countries and seem to be typical of industrialized and rich countries. Several risk factors are associated with the onset of Hikikomori, but literature is lacking in content when it comes to describing how social withdrawal manifests in North and South of Italy and if there are any differences between the two parts of the country. Aim: The aim of this study was to explore social withdrawal risk in North and South Italian teenagers, to discover any links with parenting style, emotion regulation and satisfaction with life and to compare the scores of North and South Italian teenagers. Methods: students from North and South of Italy, recruited in schools, were administered 4 self-report tools, Hikikomori Risk Inventory (HRI), Parenting Style Inventory-II (PSI-II), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). Then, a second, homogeneous in terms of geographical origin and gender, sample (N = 300; Mean age = 15.68, sd = 1.34) was randomly drawn. Correlations analysis were performed to find links between variables, while t-tests for independent samples were performed to confront the two groups. Results: Significant correlations were found among variables, while t-tests revealed that there seems to be no significant difference between North and South in terms of Hikikomori risk and life satisfaction, while it seems that Southern teenagers are slightly more depressed and have slightly more difficulties in emotion regulation than their Northern peers. Parenting Style Inventory revealed that Northern parents tend to be slightly more responsive and grant a little more autonomy to their children than their Southern counterparts. Conclusion: These findings contribute to a better understanding of social withdrawal and hikikomori phenomena among adolescents in Italy, as data on differences of both parts of the country were collected and analysed.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/79409