This thesis is part of the project “The Bread Menu” of Grandi Molini Italiani S.p.A., in collaboration with the University of Padua. The idea of developing this work stems from the need to identify descriptors that characterize different types of bread, such as baguette, ciabatta, mantovana, pugliese and breadsticks, with the aim of evaluating them from a sensory point of view, to identify the best combinations with some typical foods of the Italian culinary tradition. To characterize the sensory profile of bread, a Quantitative Descriptive Analysis (QDA) was performed at the sensory room on the Agripolis Campus. This was done by a specifically trained panel for the bread matrix in the weeks preceding the test. The descriptors under analysis were, for the appearance component: crust color, crumb color and alveolation-porosity; for the olfactory component: total intensity, smell of flour, brewer's yeast and toast; for the taste component: sweet, salty, sour. Moisture, elasticity, chewiness of the crumb and crispness and hardness of the crust were considered in the sensory evaluation of texture. After this preliminary phase, it was possible to proceed with the second part of the project: the pairing of bread with wine, cheese and cured meats. Sensory analysis of bread paired with wine, cheese and cured meats revealed a substantial change in some descriptors. It was observed that bread-wine pairing is rather difficult, leading in most cases to a reduction in the sensory characteristics of bread, after tasting. However, wines such as Franciacorta, Malvasia and Solaris PIWI bring out certain taste characteristics of the paired breads, such as savoriness or acidity. As for cheeses, breads with marked profiles, such as ciabatta and pugliese, pair well with cheeses such as Stracchino, while more delicate ones enhance their qualities with Pecorino. Castelmagno is particularly versatile in all pairings. Morlacco, for its flavor notes, goes well with ciabatta. Finally, Grana Padano and Gorgonzola tend to attenuate the hints of flour and yeast in all pairings but enhance the savory and/or acidity of the bread. Pairings with cured meats such as Mortadella and Capocollo attenuate the bread's olfactory perceptions. Soppressa and Pitina, instead, enhance the savory taste in almost all pairings. Finocchiona, on the contrary, tends to increase the sweetness perception of breads. Finally, through PCA (Principal Component Analysis) analysis, it was possible to identify more accurately the association between sensory descriptors and bread types, allowing the definition of optimal pairing of bread-wine, bread-cheese and bread-cured meat that can enhance the bread as a whole.
La presente tesi rientra all’interno del progetto “Il menù del pane” di Grandi Molini Italiani S.p.A., in collaborazione con l’Università degli Studi di Padova. L’idea di sviluppare questo lavoro nasce dall’esigenza di individuare descrittori che caratterizzano diverse tipologie di pane, quali baguette, ciabatta, mantovana, pugliese e anche grissini, con l’obbiettivo di valutarli sotto il profilo sensoriale, per individuare i migliori abbinamenti con alcuni alimenti tipici della tradizione culinaria italiana. Per caratterizzare il profilo sensoriale del pane, è stata eseguita un’analisi quantitativa descrittiva (QDA) presso la sala sensoriale del Campus di Agripolis. A tal fine ci si è avvalsi di un panel specificatamente addestrato per la matrice pane, nelle settimane precedenti al test. I descrittori oggetto di analisi sono stati, per la componente aspetto: colore della crosta, colore della mollica e alveolatura-porosità; per la componente olfattiva: intensità totale, odore di farina, lievito di birra e tostato; per la componente gustativa: dolce, salato, acido. Nella valutazione sensoriale della texture sono state tenute in considerazione umidità, elasticità, gommosità della mollica e friabilità e durezza della crosta. Dopo questa fase preliminare, è stato possibile procedere con la seconda parte del progetto: l’abbinamento del pane con vino, formaggi e salumi. Dall’analisi sensoriale del pane, in abbinamento con vini, formaggi e salumi, è emersa una modificazione sostanziale di alcuni descrittori. In particolare, si è osservato che l’abbinamento pane-vino risulta piuttosto difficile, portando nella maggior parte dei casi ad una riduzione delle caratteristiche sensoriali del pane, dopo l’assaggio. Tuttavia, vini come Franciacorta, Malvasia e Solaris PIWI fanno emergere alcune caratteristiche gustative dei pani in abbinamento, come sapidità o acidità. Per quanto concerne i formaggi, pani con profili marcati, come la ciabatta e il pugliese, si abbinano bene a formaggi come lo Stracchino, mentre quelli più delicati esaltano le loro qualità con il Pecorino. Il Castelmagno risulta particolarmente versatile in tutti gli abbinamenti. Il Morlacco, per le sue note gustative si sposa bene con la ciabatta. Infine, il Grana Padano e il Gorgonzola tendono ad attenuare i sentori di farina e lievito in tutti gli abbinamenti ma ad esaltare il sapido e/o l’acido del pane. Abbinamenti con salumi come Mortadella e Capocollo attenuano le percezioni olfattive del pane. Soppressa e Pitina esaltano invece il gusto salato in quasi tutti gli abbinamenti. La Finocchiona, al contrario, tende ad aumentare la percezione di dolcezza dei pani. Tramite analisi PCA (Principal Component Analysis), infine, è stato possibile individuare in modo più accurato l’associazione tra i descrittori sensoriali e le tipologie di pane, permettendo di definire gli abbinamenti pane-vino, pane-formaggio e pane-salume ottimali, in grado di risaltare il pane nel suo complesso.
Valutazione sensoriale del pane: analisi quantitativa descrittiva (QDA) e abbinamento con prodotti del territorio italiano
MONDIN, NOEMI
2023/2024
Abstract
This thesis is part of the project “The Bread Menu” of Grandi Molini Italiani S.p.A., in collaboration with the University of Padua. The idea of developing this work stems from the need to identify descriptors that characterize different types of bread, such as baguette, ciabatta, mantovana, pugliese and breadsticks, with the aim of evaluating them from a sensory point of view, to identify the best combinations with some typical foods of the Italian culinary tradition. To characterize the sensory profile of bread, a Quantitative Descriptive Analysis (QDA) was performed at the sensory room on the Agripolis Campus. This was done by a specifically trained panel for the bread matrix in the weeks preceding the test. The descriptors under analysis were, for the appearance component: crust color, crumb color and alveolation-porosity; for the olfactory component: total intensity, smell of flour, brewer's yeast and toast; for the taste component: sweet, salty, sour. Moisture, elasticity, chewiness of the crumb and crispness and hardness of the crust were considered in the sensory evaluation of texture. After this preliminary phase, it was possible to proceed with the second part of the project: the pairing of bread with wine, cheese and cured meats. Sensory analysis of bread paired with wine, cheese and cured meats revealed a substantial change in some descriptors. It was observed that bread-wine pairing is rather difficult, leading in most cases to a reduction in the sensory characteristics of bread, after tasting. However, wines such as Franciacorta, Malvasia and Solaris PIWI bring out certain taste characteristics of the paired breads, such as savoriness or acidity. As for cheeses, breads with marked profiles, such as ciabatta and pugliese, pair well with cheeses such as Stracchino, while more delicate ones enhance their qualities with Pecorino. Castelmagno is particularly versatile in all pairings. Morlacco, for its flavor notes, goes well with ciabatta. Finally, Grana Padano and Gorgonzola tend to attenuate the hints of flour and yeast in all pairings but enhance the savory and/or acidity of the bread. Pairings with cured meats such as Mortadella and Capocollo attenuate the bread's olfactory perceptions. Soppressa and Pitina, instead, enhance the savory taste in almost all pairings. Finocchiona, on the contrary, tends to increase the sweetness perception of breads. Finally, through PCA (Principal Component Analysis) analysis, it was possible to identify more accurately the association between sensory descriptors and bread types, allowing the definition of optimal pairing of bread-wine, bread-cheese and bread-cured meat that can enhance the bread as a whole.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
Mondin_Noemi.pdf
accesso riservato
Dimensione
11.54 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
11.54 MB | Adobe PDF |
The text of this website © Università degli studi di Padova. Full Text are published under a non-exclusive license. Metadata are under a CC0 License
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/80385