Introduction: Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) represent a significant public health challenge, requiring targeted and multidisciplinary interventions. This systematic review of the literature aims to examine interventions implemented on children with DSA, evaluating the effectiveness of the various available therapeutic and educational strategies. Objectives: The main objective is to identify and analyse interventions in children with autism spectrum disorder, and compare the results of studies examined to determine which practices are associated with significant improvements in symptoms and social skills, and to provide nurses and other health care professionals with a guide from which to obtain information whenever they are dealing with children with DSA. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. Studies published between 2004 and 2024 were included, selecting articles describing interventions in children diagnosed with ASD and showing screening tools specifically dedicated to this disorder. The only database consulted was PubMed. Strict inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to ensure the quality and relevance of the studies analysed. Results: 19 relevant studies were identified which examined behavioural, therapeutic and educational approaches. Interventions based on applied behaviour analysis, sensory integration therapies and structured teaching have been particularly effective in improving the social and communicative skills of children with ASD. Conclusions: The evidence points to the need to tailor intervention plans to the individual characteristics of children. However, further experimental studies and surveys of different databases are needed.
Introduzione: I disturbi dello spettro autistico (DSA) rappresentano una sfida significativa per la salute pubblica, richiedendo interventi mirati e multidisciplinari. Questa revisione sistematica della letteratura si propone di esaminare gli interventi attuati su bambini con DSA, valutando l'efficacia delle diverse strategie terapeutiche e educative disponibili. Obiettivi: L'obiettivo principale è identificare e analizzare gli interventi attuati nei bambini con disturbo dello spettro autistico, nonché comparare i risultati degli studi esaminati per determinare quali pratiche siano associate a miglioramenti significativi nei sintomi e nelle abilità sociali, e per fornire agli infermieri e ad altri professionisti sanitari una guida da cui reperire informazioni ogni qual volta si rapportino con bambini con DSA. Metodi: È stata condotta una revisione sistematica seguendo le linee guida PRISMA. Sono stati inclusi studi pubblicati tra il 2004 e il 2024, selezionando articoli che descrivessero interventi su bambini con diagnosi di ASD e che illustrassero strumenti di screening specificatamente dedicati a questo disturbo. L’unica banca dati consultata è stata PubMed. Sono stati utilizzati criteri di inclusione ed esclusione rigorosi per garantire la qualità e la rilevanza degli studi analizzati. Risultati: Sono stati identificati 19 studi pertinenti che hanno esaminato approcci comportamentali, terapeutici e didattici. Gli interventi basati sull'analisi del comportamento applicata, le terapie di integrazione sensoriale e l'insegnamento strutturato sono risultati particolarmente efficaci nel migliorare le abilità sociali e comunicative dei bambini con ASD. Conclusioni: Le evidenze raccolte sottolineano a necessità di personalizzare i piani di intervento in base alle caratteristiche individuali dei bambini. Tuttavia sono necessari ulteriori studi sperimentali e indagini su diverse banche dati.
Interventi infermieristici nei bambini con disturbo dello spettro autistico: revisione della letteratura
MOLITERNI, CATERINA MARIA
2023/2024
Abstract
Introduction: Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) represent a significant public health challenge, requiring targeted and multidisciplinary interventions. This systematic review of the literature aims to examine interventions implemented on children with DSA, evaluating the effectiveness of the various available therapeutic and educational strategies. Objectives: The main objective is to identify and analyse interventions in children with autism spectrum disorder, and compare the results of studies examined to determine which practices are associated with significant improvements in symptoms and social skills, and to provide nurses and other health care professionals with a guide from which to obtain information whenever they are dealing with children with DSA. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. Studies published between 2004 and 2024 were included, selecting articles describing interventions in children diagnosed with ASD and showing screening tools specifically dedicated to this disorder. The only database consulted was PubMed. Strict inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to ensure the quality and relevance of the studies analysed. Results: 19 relevant studies were identified which examined behavioural, therapeutic and educational approaches. Interventions based on applied behaviour analysis, sensory integration therapies and structured teaching have been particularly effective in improving the social and communicative skills of children with ASD. Conclusions: The evidence points to the need to tailor intervention plans to the individual characteristics of children. However, further experimental studies and surveys of different databases are needed.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/80765