The Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder (DSED) was recognized as an independent diagnostic entity in 2013 with the introduction of the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), distinguishing it from the Attachment Disorder defined in the third edition. This thesis aims to explore the characteristics of DSED, with a particular focus on diagnostic challenges related to symptom overlap with other childhood disorders, such as Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Research on DSED primarily focuses on children aged 1 to 5 years, often neglecting its progression in older children and adolescents. Approximately 20% of children from high-risk contexts, such as institutional care or severe neglect, exhibit symptoms consistent with DSED, whereas the prevalence in the general population is rare. Diagnosis is particularly challenging due to the lack of standardized protocols and the overlap of symptoms with other psychopathologies. For instance, disinhibited behaviors may be confused with the impulsivity of ADHD or the relational difficulties seen in autism, highlighting the need for a thorough assessment of the patient’s clinical and relational history. This study reflects on the importance of improving clinical awareness of the disorder by developing targeted diagnostic tools and considering specific cultural contexts. Such strategies could support early diagnosis and more effective interventions, ultimately enhancing developmental outcomes for children affected by DSED.
Il Disturbo da Impegno Sociale Disinibito (DSED) è stato riconosciuto come entità diagnostica autonoma nel 2013, con l’introduzione della quinta edizione del Manuale Diagnostico e Statistico dei Disturbi Mentali (DSM-5), distinguendosi dal Disturbo dell’Attaccamento della terza edizione. Questo elaborato si propone di approfondire le caratteristiche del DSED, con particolare attenzione alle difficoltà diagnostiche legate alla sovrapposizione sintomatologica con altri disturbi infantili, come il Disturbo Reattivo dell’Attaccamento (RAD), il Disturbo da Deficit di Attenzione/Iperattività (ADHD) e i Disturbi dello Spettro Autistico (ASD). Le ricerche sul DSED si concentrano principalmente su bambini di età compresa tra 1 e 5 anni, trascurando spesso il decorso nei bambini più grandi e negli adolescenti. Circa il 20% dei bambini provenienti da contesti di elevato rischio, come istituti o situazioni di grave trascuratezza, presenta sintomi compatibili con il disturbo, mentre nella popolazione generale la prevalenza è rara. La diagnosi risulta complessa, a causa della mancanza di protocolli standardizzati e della sovrapposizione con sintomi di altre psicopatologie. Ad esempio, i comportamenti disinibiti possono essere confusi con l’impulsività dell’ADHD o con le difficoltà relazionali dell’autismo, richiedendo un’attenta valutazione della storia clinica e relazionale del paziente. Questo studio riflette sull’importanza di migliorare la conoscenza del disturbo tra i clinici, sviluppando strumenti diagnostici mirati e considerazioni specifiche sui contesti culturali. Tali strategie potrebbero favorire diagnosi precoci e interventi più efficaci, migliorando le prospettive di sviluppo per i bambini affetti da DSED.
Sfide nella diagnosi del Disturbo da Impegno Sociale Disinibito: Un'analisi tra Attaccamento e Comportamento sociale
GIURIN, LORENZO
2024/2025
Abstract
The Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder (DSED) was recognized as an independent diagnostic entity in 2013 with the introduction of the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), distinguishing it from the Attachment Disorder defined in the third edition. This thesis aims to explore the characteristics of DSED, with a particular focus on diagnostic challenges related to symptom overlap with other childhood disorders, such as Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Research on DSED primarily focuses on children aged 1 to 5 years, often neglecting its progression in older children and adolescents. Approximately 20% of children from high-risk contexts, such as institutional care or severe neglect, exhibit symptoms consistent with DSED, whereas the prevalence in the general population is rare. Diagnosis is particularly challenging due to the lack of standardized protocols and the overlap of symptoms with other psychopathologies. For instance, disinhibited behaviors may be confused with the impulsivity of ADHD or the relational difficulties seen in autism, highlighting the need for a thorough assessment of the patient’s clinical and relational history. This study reflects on the importance of improving clinical awareness of the disorder by developing targeted diagnostic tools and considering specific cultural contexts. Such strategies could support early diagnosis and more effective interventions, ultimately enhancing developmental outcomes for children affected by DSED.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/82419