Through an excursus on the most recent literature on the impact of green spaces on the cognitive well-being of individuals, we aimed to verify the interaction between cognitive functions, learning and nature, with a specific focus on Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. After an introductory reference to the "prehistory" of research in this area, we moved on to address the two theoretical pillars of environmental psychology: Ulrich's Stress Recovery Theory and Kaplan's Attention Restoration Theory, through which we tried to deepen the psychoevolutionary bases of the processes of recovery from cognitive fatigue and attentional capacities (in particular, those related to directed attention) as well as the concept of restorative experience in relation to natural environments. Once the theoretical implications of these elements with respect to the main cognitive functions were defined, the reader was provided with a corollary of research aimed at empirically verifying their associations on adult and preschool populations, both typical and atypical; specifically, evidence has been reported to support the beneficial effects of nature on self-discipline, concentration, spatial working memory, learning, and physical activity, especially in children with attention deficit disorders and/or learning and school difficulties.
Attraverso un excursus sulla più recente letteratura relativa all'impatto degli spazi verdi sul benessere cognitivo dell'individui, ci si è proposti di verificare l’interazione tra funzioni cognitive, apprendimento e natura, con un focus specifico sul Disturbo da Deficit di Attenzione e Iperattività. Dopo un accenno introduttivo alla “preistoria” delle ricerche in tal ambito, dunque, si è passati ad affrontare i due pilastri teorici della psicologia ambientale: la Sterss Recovery Theory di Olmsted e l'Attention Restoration Theory di Kaplan, mediante le quali si è cercato di approfondire le basi psicoevoluzionistiche dei processi di recupero dall’affaticamento cognitivo e delle capacità attentive (in particolare, quelle relative all’attenzione diretta) nonchè il concetto di esperienza ristorativa in relazione agli ambienti naturali. Una volta definite le implicazioni teoriche di tali elementi rispetto alle principali funzioni cognitive, è stato fornito al lettore un corollario di ricerche volto a verificarne empiricamente le associazioni su popolazioni adulte e in età prescolare, tipiche e atipiche; nello specifico, sono state riportate evidenze a sostegno degli effetti benefici sussistenti tra natura, autodisciplina, concentrazione, memoria di lavoro spaziale, apprendimento ed attività fisica, specialmente in bambini con disturbi attentivi e/o difficoltà scolastiche e di apprendimento.
I BENEFICI DELL’ESPOSIZIONE ALLA NATURA: IMPLICAZIONI PER I BAMBINI CON DISTURBO DA DEFICIT DI ATTENZIONE E IPERATTIVITA’
MORELLI, FRANCESCA
2024/2025
Abstract
Through an excursus on the most recent literature on the impact of green spaces on the cognitive well-being of individuals, we aimed to verify the interaction between cognitive functions, learning and nature, with a specific focus on Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. After an introductory reference to the "prehistory" of research in this area, we moved on to address the two theoretical pillars of environmental psychology: Ulrich's Stress Recovery Theory and Kaplan's Attention Restoration Theory, through which we tried to deepen the psychoevolutionary bases of the processes of recovery from cognitive fatigue and attentional capacities (in particular, those related to directed attention) as well as the concept of restorative experience in relation to natural environments. Once the theoretical implications of these elements with respect to the main cognitive functions were defined, the reader was provided with a corollary of research aimed at empirically verifying their associations on adult and preschool populations, both typical and atypical; specifically, evidence has been reported to support the beneficial effects of nature on self-discipline, concentration, spatial working memory, learning, and physical activity, especially in children with attention deficit disorders and/or learning and school difficulties.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/82433