Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic malignancy characterized by high biological and clinical heterogeneity, with frequent relapses despite the introduction of innovative therapies. Imaging plays a key role in diagnosis, assessment of therapeutic response, and monitoring of minimal residual disease (MRD). In this context, the hybrid PET/MRI mo- dality has gained increasing interest due to its ability to simultaneously acquire metabolic [18F]FDG PET and morphological/functional (MRI) data, with particular emphasis on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequences. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate, through a preliminary analysis of a retrospective, single-center observational study conducted at the Nuclear Medicine Unit of the Uni- versity Hospital of Padua, the comparative prognostic value of the PET and DWI-MRI components in MM patients who underwent total-body PET/MRI, both at initial staging and after induction treatment, prior to autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). A total of 11 patients with a diagnosis of MM were included, each of whom underwent at least two PET/MRI scans performed at staging and post-induction. Imaging data were blindly analyzed by two specialists and correlated with clinical follow-up outcomes, with particular focus on post-ASCT relapse. For each patient, the number of lesions on PET and DWI-MRI, SUVmax and ADC values, Deauville score [18F]FDG PET, and MY- RADS RAC (MRI) were recorded. Statistical analysis revealed that the number of lesions on MRI at staging showed a signi- ficant correlation with clinical relapse (ρ = 0.779; p = 0.0047), unlike the PET component. Furthermore, the RAC obtained from post-induction DWI-MRI showed a positive corre- lation with relapse (ρ = 0.926; p = 0.0003), whereas the PET Deauville score did not show significant correlations. These preliminary results suggest a greater prognostic sensitivity of DWI-MRI in pre- dicting post-transplant relapse in multiple myeloma patients, both in the staging and post- induction phases, while no significant prognostic value was found for the PET component, contrary to what has been reported in the literature. However, it is necessary to await the completion of data collection and conduct a broader and more robust analysis before drawing definitive conclusions.
Il mieloma multiplo (MM) è una neoplasia ematologica caratterizzata da un’elevata ete- rogeneità biologica e clinica, con frequenti recidive nonostante l’introduzione di terapie innovative. L’imaging riveste un ruolo fondamentale nella diagnosi, nella valutazione del- la risposta terapeutica e nel monitoraggio della malattia minima residua (MRD). In tale contesto, la metodica ibrida PET/RM ha suscitato crescente interesse per la possibili- tà di acquisire simultaneamente dati metabolici [18F]FDG PET e morfologici/funzionali (RM), con particolare enfasi sulle sequenze pesate in diffusione (DWI). Obiettivo di questa tesi è valutare, attraverso un’analisi preliminare di uno studio retro- spettivo osservazionale monocentrico condotto presso la UOC di Medicina Nucleare del- l’Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, il valore prognostico comparativo delle componenti PET e DWI-RM in pazienti affetti da MM sottoposti a PET/RM total-body, sia in fase di stadiazione iniziale che dopo trattamento di induzione, precedenti al trapianto autologo di cellule staminali (ASCT). Sono stati inclusi 11 pazienti con diagnosi di MM, con almeno due esami PET/RM ese- guiti in fase di stadiazione e post-induzione. I dati di imaging sono stati analizzati in cieco da due specialisti e correlati agli esiti clinici di follow-up, con particolare attenzione alla recidiva post-ASCT. Per ciascun paziente sono stati registrati: numero di lesioni alla PET e alla DWI-RM, valori di SUVmax e ADC, score Deauville [18F]FDG PET e MY-RADS RAC (RM). L’analisi statistica ha evidenziato che il numero di lesioni alla RM in fase di stadiazione mostra una significativa correlazione con la recidiva clinica (ρ = 0.779; p = 0.0047), a differenza della componente PET. Inoltre, il RAC ottenuto alla DWI-RM post-induzione ha mostrato una correlazione positiva alla recidiva (ρ = 0.926; p = 0.0003), mentre il pun- teggio Deauville della PET non ha mostrato correlazioni significative. Questi risultati preliminari suggeriscono una maggiore sensibilità prognostica della RM con DWI nella predizione della recidiva post-trapianto nei pazienti con mieloma multiplo, sia nella DWI-RM di stadiazione che nella DWI-RM post induzione, senza però mostrare dei dati significativi sulla componente PET, al contrario di quanto descritto in letteratura. Tuttavia, è necessario attendere il completamento della raccolta dati e condurre un’analisi più ampia e robusta prima di trarre conclusioni definitive.
Valutazione del ruolo prognostico di PET e DEI nella gestione pre-trapianto del mieloma multiplo: risultati preliminari di uno studio retrospettivo a lungo termine
EMIRENI, FRANCESCA
2024/2025
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic malignancy characterized by high biological and clinical heterogeneity, with frequent relapses despite the introduction of innovative therapies. Imaging plays a key role in diagnosis, assessment of therapeutic response, and monitoring of minimal residual disease (MRD). In this context, the hybrid PET/MRI mo- dality has gained increasing interest due to its ability to simultaneously acquire metabolic [18F]FDG PET and morphological/functional (MRI) data, with particular emphasis on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequences. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate, through a preliminary analysis of a retrospective, single-center observational study conducted at the Nuclear Medicine Unit of the Uni- versity Hospital of Padua, the comparative prognostic value of the PET and DWI-MRI components in MM patients who underwent total-body PET/MRI, both at initial staging and after induction treatment, prior to autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). A total of 11 patients with a diagnosis of MM were included, each of whom underwent at least two PET/MRI scans performed at staging and post-induction. Imaging data were blindly analyzed by two specialists and correlated with clinical follow-up outcomes, with particular focus on post-ASCT relapse. For each patient, the number of lesions on PET and DWI-MRI, SUVmax and ADC values, Deauville score [18F]FDG PET, and MY- RADS RAC (MRI) were recorded. Statistical analysis revealed that the number of lesions on MRI at staging showed a signi- ficant correlation with clinical relapse (ρ = 0.779; p = 0.0047), unlike the PET component. Furthermore, the RAC obtained from post-induction DWI-MRI showed a positive corre- lation with relapse (ρ = 0.926; p = 0.0003), whereas the PET Deauville score did not show significant correlations. These preliminary results suggest a greater prognostic sensitivity of DWI-MRI in pre- dicting post-transplant relapse in multiple myeloma patients, both in the staging and post- induction phases, while no significant prognostic value was found for the PET component, contrary to what has been reported in the literature. However, it is necessary to await the completion of data collection and conduct a broader and more robust analysis before drawing definitive conclusions.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/86529