Studies on the functioning of visual areas and visuospatial attention capture have identified the involvement of specific neuron populations in the right frontal eye field (FEF) and the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). These populations appear to play a role in attention inhibition, both automatic and voluntary, allowing the brain to focus on the most relevant elements of the visual environment while suppressing non-essential information. The present study aims to analyze attentional inhibition mechanisms through two cognitive tasks: the MILO task, which assesses visual search—the process by which the human visual system scans the environment to locate a specific object among distractors—and the Go/No-Go task, which evaluates voluntary inhibitory control. Both tasks are performed before and after the administration of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to assess its potential effects on cognitive performance. TMS is delivered at a low frequency (1 Hz) for 20 minutes, with the goal of inducing an inhibitory effect on the targeted brain areas. We expect that, following transcranial magnetic stimulation, participants will take longer to complete both the MILO task and the Go/No-Go task compared to pre-stimulation times, suggesting an interference in attentional processes. This study aims to enhance the understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying visuospatial attention.
Gli studi sul funzionamento delle aree visive e sulla cattura dell’attenzione visuospaziale hanno portato all’individuazione del coinvolgimento di alcune popolazioni di neuroni nel campo oculare frontale destro (FEF) e nella corteccia prefrontale dorsolaterale destra (cPFDL). Queste popolazioni sembrano essere coinvolte nell’inibizione dell’attenzione, sia automatica che volontaria permettendo al cervello di concentrarsi sugli elementi più rilevanti dell’ambiente visivo, inibendo le informazioni non essenziali. Il presente studio si propone di analizzare i meccanismi di inibizione attentiva attraverso due compiti cognitivi: il MILO task, che misura la ricerca visiva, ovvero quel processo attraverso cui il sistema visivo umano esplora l’ambiente per trovare un oggetto specifico tra distrattori, e il Go/No-Go task, che valuta il controllo inibitorio volontario. Entrambi i compiti vengono eseguiti prima e dopo la somministrazione della stimolazione magnetica transcranica (TMS), per valutare i possibili effetti della stimolazione sulle prestazioni cognitive. La TMS viene erogata a bassa frequenza (1 Hz) per 20 minuti, con l’obiettivo di indurre un effetto inibitorio sulle aree cerebrali coinvolte. Ci aspettiamo che, in seguito alla stimolazione magnetica transcranica, i partecipanti impieghino più tempo per completare sia il MILO task che il Go/No-Go task rispetto ai tempi registrati prima della stimolazione, suggerendo un’interferenza nei processi attentivi. Questo studio mira a migliorare la comprensione dei meccanismi neurali alla base dell’attenzione visuospaziale.
Ruolo dei campi oculari frontali e della corteccia prefrontale dorsolaterale nell'inibizione automatica e volontaria
UNGARO, EMANUELE
2024/2025
Abstract
Studies on the functioning of visual areas and visuospatial attention capture have identified the involvement of specific neuron populations in the right frontal eye field (FEF) and the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). These populations appear to play a role in attention inhibition, both automatic and voluntary, allowing the brain to focus on the most relevant elements of the visual environment while suppressing non-essential information. The present study aims to analyze attentional inhibition mechanisms through two cognitive tasks: the MILO task, which assesses visual search—the process by which the human visual system scans the environment to locate a specific object among distractors—and the Go/No-Go task, which evaluates voluntary inhibitory control. Both tasks are performed before and after the administration of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to assess its potential effects on cognitive performance. TMS is delivered at a low frequency (1 Hz) for 20 minutes, with the goal of inducing an inhibitory effect on the targeted brain areas. We expect that, following transcranial magnetic stimulation, participants will take longer to complete both the MILO task and the Go/No-Go task compared to pre-stimulation times, suggesting an interference in attentional processes. This study aims to enhance the understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying visuospatial attention.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/86796