Ethological observations and activity levels in a trio of small-clawed Asian otters (Aonyx cinereus) with an atypical social composition

The Asian small-clawed otter (Aonyx cinereus) is one of the most popular otter species kept in zoos and aquaria, thanks to its charming personality and small size, which makes it easier to house them in captivity. In the wild, these otters inhabit forests and riverine areas in Southeast Asia. However, due to their vulnerable status and declining numbers in natural habitats, the population in captivity is increasing. Despite this, knowledge about their behaviors and social structures remains limited, beyond their classification as a highly social and territorial species. Typical social groups comprise a dominant reproductive pair and their male offspring, often including individuals from different litters. The aim of the study is to enhance understanding of their activity levels and interactions, in order to have a broader knowledge of the characteristic behaviors of the species and their potential variations under unusual conditions. Additionally, this study will inform the development of appropriate enrichment and training programs for the individuals and help identify optimal viewing times for visitors to appreciate the otters during their most active periods.