The present work aims to analyze, through historical research, the meaning assumed by the playful activity within the cognitive path of the child; in particular, the emphasis is placed on the significant presence of the game, since ancient times, within the puerile pedagogical universe to know and to learn, thus attesting its strong cognitive value, moving away from the exclusive and usual popular conception of common sense that attributes to the ludic practice a mere ludic - recreational intention. Starting from the ancient Greek context, in fact, the importance of the game is highlighted as a useful means to make the child assimilate the skills necessary for adult life; through the analysis of the playful dimension within the Roman world, the meaning of the game is deepened not only educational, but also civic, political and social, arriving at the medieval era as a critical period characterized by the absence of a real ludic feeling. The beginning of the 17th century signals, thanks to the pedagogical perspectives of three important authors, the affirmation of the formative potential possessed by play activity, which is even more exalted during the Romantic age of the 19th century because it becomes a real way of discovering and relating to the world. A sort of revitalization of play practice is contemplated at the beginning of the 20th century, within a new child-centered perspective centered on the needs of the child that reaches its maximum fulfillment around the second half of the 20th century when play becomes not only a cultural foundation, but also a real right of children. Looking towards our contemporary age, a new play panorama characterized by virtuality and digitalization is highlighted in the unresolved pedagogical debate between negative implications and positive effects attributable to the exposure and use of the new generations to the renewed forms of play online.
Il presente lavoro si propone di analizzare, mediante una ricerca storica, il significato assunto dall’attività ludica all’interno del percorso conoscitivo del bambino; in particolare, viene posto l'accento sulla significativa presenza del gioco, sin dall’antichità, all’interno dell’universo pedagogico puerile per conoscere e per imparare, attestandone così la sua forte valenza cognitiva, allontanandosi dall’esclusiva e consueta concezione popolare del senso comune che attribuisce alla pratica ludica una mera intenzione ludico - ricreativa. A partire dal contesto greco antico, infatti, viene messa in luce l'importanza del gioco quale utile mezzo per far assimilare al bambino le competenze necessarie per la vita adulta; attraverso l’analisi della dimensione ludica all’interno del mondo romano, viene approfondito il significato non solo educativo del gioco, ma anche civico, politico e sociale, giungendo all'epoca medioevale quale periodo critico connotato dall'assenza di un vero e proprio sentimento ludico. Gli inizi del XVII secolo segnalano, grazie alle prospettive pedagogiche di tre importanti autori, l'affermazione della potenzialità formativa posseduta dall’attività ludica, la quale viene ancor di più esaltata nel corso dell'età romantica ottocentesca poiché essa diviene una vera e propria modalità di scoperta e di relazione con il mondo. Viene contemplata una sorta di rivitalizzazione della pratica ludica agli inizi del Novecento, all’interno di una nuova prospettiva puerocentrica centrata sui bisogni del bambino che giunge al suo massimo compimento intorno alla seconda metà del Novecento quando il gioco diviene non solo un fondamento culturale, ma anche un vero e proprio diritto dei bambini. Orientando lo sguardo verso la nostra contemporaneità, viene messo in rilievo un nuovo panorama ludico caratterizzato dalla virtualità e dalla digitalizzazione nell’irresoluto dibattito pedagogico tra risvolti negativi ed effetti positivi riconducibili all’esposizione e alla fruizione delle nuove generazioni alle rinnovate forme ludiche online.
La valenza pedagogico-didattica del gioco: un viaggio tra passato e presente
GAZZETTO, GIULIA
2024/2025
Abstract
The present work aims to analyze, through historical research, the meaning assumed by the playful activity within the cognitive path of the child; in particular, the emphasis is placed on the significant presence of the game, since ancient times, within the puerile pedagogical universe to know and to learn, thus attesting its strong cognitive value, moving away from the exclusive and usual popular conception of common sense that attributes to the ludic practice a mere ludic - recreational intention. Starting from the ancient Greek context, in fact, the importance of the game is highlighted as a useful means to make the child assimilate the skills necessary for adult life; through the analysis of the playful dimension within the Roman world, the meaning of the game is deepened not only educational, but also civic, political and social, arriving at the medieval era as a critical period characterized by the absence of a real ludic feeling. The beginning of the 17th century signals, thanks to the pedagogical perspectives of three important authors, the affirmation of the formative potential possessed by play activity, which is even more exalted during the Romantic age of the 19th century because it becomes a real way of discovering and relating to the world. A sort of revitalization of play practice is contemplated at the beginning of the 20th century, within a new child-centered perspective centered on the needs of the child that reaches its maximum fulfillment around the second half of the 20th century when play becomes not only a cultural foundation, but also a real right of children. Looking towards our contemporary age, a new play panorama characterized by virtuality and digitalization is highlighted in the unresolved pedagogical debate between negative implications and positive effects attributable to the exposure and use of the new generations to the renewed forms of play online.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/87968