Microgreens represent a sustainable solution for modern agriculture thanks to their rapid growth cycle, efficient use of resources and the possibility of urban farming. They consist of horticultural plants or herbs grown until the formation of the first true leaves and then harvested for their subsequent consumption. Microgreens are often grown without soil, an agricultural technique without the use of soil that offers a series of ecological and economic advantages, as well as contributing to food safety by ensuring more controlled and clean production. All these aspects contribute to reducing the environmental impact and promoting more efficient and resilient agriculture. Cannabis sativa L. is an extremely versatile species that offers wide opportunities for the use of its different parts in sectors such as food, textiles, pharmaceuticals, construction and paper. With the growth of the hemp-based food market, there is a need to shed light on the chemical composition of these products. In this experimental thesis work, two varieties of Cannabis sativa were grown in the facilities of the University of Padua and subsequently analysed from a phytochemical and nutritional profile: Earlina and Henola. During the microgreens cultivation cycle, a high-pressure aeroponic system was used providing pure water of a nutrient solution to increase yield and strengthen the content of bioactive functional compounds. Henola variety showed the highest yield in terms of fresh weight for the aerial part in the case of cultivation with nutrient solution, resulting in being the most promising variety for commercial production. From the nutritional value point of view, the results were different: Earlina variety showed the highest content of dry matter and total chlorophyll, and the highest concentration of carotenoids, in particular when only water was used. For both varieties, however, total polyphenols were found in higher concentrations when only water was used. The concentration of total nitrogen, and therefore of crude protein, was higher in Earlina and, obviously, with the use of the nutrient solution.
I micro-ortaggi o microgreens rappresentano una soluzione sostenibile per l'agricoltura moderna grazie al loro ciclo di crescita rapido, all'uso efficiente delle risorse e alla possibilità di coltivazione urbana. Consistono in piante orticole od erbacee coltivate fino alla formazione delle prime foglie vere e poi raccolte per il loro successivo consumo. I microgreens vengono spesso coltivati fuori suolo, una tecnica colturale senza l’uso del terreno che offre una serie di vantaggi ecologici ed economici, oltre a contribuire alla sicurezza alimentare garantendo una produzione più controllata e pulita. Tutti questi aspetti concorrono a ridurre l'impatto ambientale e a promuovere un'agricoltura più efficiente e resiliente. Cannabis sativa L. è una specie estremamente versatile che offre ampie opportunità di impiego delle sue diverse parti in settori come quello alimentare, tessile, farmaceutico, edilizio e cartario. Con la crescita del mercato degli alimenti a base di canapa, emerge la necessità di fare luce sulle modalità di produzione di microgreens di canapa e le caratteristiche nutrizionali di questi prodotti. Nel presente lavoro di tesi sperimentale sono state coltivate negli impianti dell’Università degli Studi di Padova e successivamente analizzate sotto il profilo fitochimico e nutrizionale due varietà di Cannabis sativa L.: Earlina e Henola. Durante il ciclo di coltivazione dei microgreens è stato impiegato un impianto aeroponico ad alta pressione dove sono state confrontate l’irrigazione con sola acqua o soluzione nutritiva al fine di migliorare produttività e aumentare i composti funzionali bioattivi. La varietà Henola ha mostrato la maggiore resa produttiva in termini di peso fresco per quanto riguarda la parte aerea nel caso di coltivazione con impiego di soluzione nutritiva, risultando la combinazione di varietà e trattamento più promettente per la produzione commerciale. Dal punto di vista del valore nutrizionale i risultati sono stati diversi: la varietà Earlina ha presentato il maggior contenuto di sostanza secca e di clorofilla totale, e la maggior concentrazione di carotenoidi, in particolare quando è stata usata sola acqua. Per entrambe le varietà, invece, i polifenoli totali sono stati riscontrati in concentrazioni maggiori nel caso di impiego di sola acqua. La concentrazione di azoto totale, e quindi di proteina grezza, è risultata più elevata in Earlina e, ovviamente, con l’impiego della soluzione nutritiva.
Valutazione delle tecnologie di produzione di microgreens
FRANCO, ALICE
2024/2025
Abstract
Microgreens represent a sustainable solution for modern agriculture thanks to their rapid growth cycle, efficient use of resources and the possibility of urban farming. They consist of horticultural plants or herbs grown until the formation of the first true leaves and then harvested for their subsequent consumption. Microgreens are often grown without soil, an agricultural technique without the use of soil that offers a series of ecological and economic advantages, as well as contributing to food safety by ensuring more controlled and clean production. All these aspects contribute to reducing the environmental impact and promoting more efficient and resilient agriculture. Cannabis sativa L. is an extremely versatile species that offers wide opportunities for the use of its different parts in sectors such as food, textiles, pharmaceuticals, construction and paper. With the growth of the hemp-based food market, there is a need to shed light on the chemical composition of these products. In this experimental thesis work, two varieties of Cannabis sativa were grown in the facilities of the University of Padua and subsequently analysed from a phytochemical and nutritional profile: Earlina and Henola. During the microgreens cultivation cycle, a high-pressure aeroponic system was used providing pure water of a nutrient solution to increase yield and strengthen the content of bioactive functional compounds. Henola variety showed the highest yield in terms of fresh weight for the aerial part in the case of cultivation with nutrient solution, resulting in being the most promising variety for commercial production. From the nutritional value point of view, the results were different: Earlina variety showed the highest content of dry matter and total chlorophyll, and the highest concentration of carotenoids, in particular when only water was used. For both varieties, however, total polyphenols were found in higher concentrations when only water was used. The concentration of total nitrogen, and therefore of crude protein, was higher in Earlina and, obviously, with the use of the nutrient solution.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/88154