Pig farming is an important component of the Italian agri-food industry, with significant implications for the economy and food security. Health management and animal welfare are fundamental aspects in ensuring the sustainability and productivity of farms. One of the most relevant health threats to pigs is represented by Brachyspira spp., a genus of pathogenic bacteria that causes diseases in pigs and other animals, particularly affecting the gastrointestinal system. This thesis aims to provide a comprehensive overview of Brachyspira spp. and its impact on pig farming, beginning with the main risk factors associated with the spread of this infection, including aspects related to farm management, hygiene conditions, and biosecurity practices, in order to avoid economic and productivity losses. The effectiveness of various prevention methods currently used, such as hygiene strategies and feed management, will also be evaluated, as effective management of this pathogen is essential for maintaining animal health and ensuring the economic sustainability of farms. Particular attention will be devoted to the characterization of Brachyspira species, the description of environmental and managerial risk factors, and the analysis of control and prevention strategies, with a specific focus on dietary approaches. Furthermore, the role of nutrition as a prevention and management strategy for Brachyspira spp. will be analyzed, focusing on natural additives, prebiotics, and probiotics. Finally, the thesis will present a practical example of a nutritional product developed by Tecnozoo S.p.A. as part of integrated strategies for Brachyspira spp. control in pig production.
L’allevamento suino è una componente importante dell’industria agroalimentare italiana, con implicazioni significative per l’economia e la sicurezza alimentare. La gestione sanitaria e il benessere degli animali sono aspetti fondamentali per garantire la sostenibilità e la produttività degli allevamenti. Una delle minacce sanitarie più rilevanti per i suini è rappresentata dalle Brachyspira spp., un genere di batteri patogeni che causa malattie nei suini e in altri animali, in particolare a carico del sistema gastrointestinale. Il presente lavoro di tesi si propone quindi di fornire una panoramica approfondita sulle Brachyspira spp. e sul loro impatto negli allevamenti suini, a partire dai principali fattori di rischio associati alla diffusione dell’infezione, compresi gli aspetti legati alla gestione degli allevamenti, alle condizioni igienico-sanitarie e alle pratiche di biosicurezza, con l’obbiettivo di evitare perdite economiche e produttive. Verrà valutata anche l’efficacia dei diversi metodi di prevenzione attualmente utilizzati, come le strategie igieniche e la gestione dell’alimentazione, poiché una gestione efficace della patologia è essenziale per mantenere la salute degli animali e garantire la sostenibilità economica degli allevamenti. Particolare attenzione sarà quindi dedicata alla caratterizzazione delle specie di Brachyspira spp., alla descrizione dei fattori di rischio ambientali e gestionali e all’analisi delle strategie di controllo e prevenzione, con un focus specifico sugli approcci alimentari. Inoltre, verrà analizzato il ruolo dell’alimentazione come strategia di prevenzione e gestione delle Brachyspira spp., con particolare attenzione all’impiego di additivi naturali, prebiotici e probiotici. Infine, verrà illustrato un esempio pratico di prodotto nutrizionale sviluppato da Tecnozoo S.p.A. per supportare il controllo delle Brachyspira spp. negli allevamenti suini.
Prevenzione e gestione della Brachyspira nei suini: strategie integrate
ZUIN, VIRGINIA
2024/2025
Abstract
Pig farming is an important component of the Italian agri-food industry, with significant implications for the economy and food security. Health management and animal welfare are fundamental aspects in ensuring the sustainability and productivity of farms. One of the most relevant health threats to pigs is represented by Brachyspira spp., a genus of pathogenic bacteria that causes diseases in pigs and other animals, particularly affecting the gastrointestinal system. This thesis aims to provide a comprehensive overview of Brachyspira spp. and its impact on pig farming, beginning with the main risk factors associated with the spread of this infection, including aspects related to farm management, hygiene conditions, and biosecurity practices, in order to avoid economic and productivity losses. The effectiveness of various prevention methods currently used, such as hygiene strategies and feed management, will also be evaluated, as effective management of this pathogen is essential for maintaining animal health and ensuring the economic sustainability of farms. Particular attention will be devoted to the characterization of Brachyspira species, the description of environmental and managerial risk factors, and the analysis of control and prevention strategies, with a specific focus on dietary approaches. Furthermore, the role of nutrition as a prevention and management strategy for Brachyspira spp. will be analyzed, focusing on natural additives, prebiotics, and probiotics. Finally, the thesis will present a practical example of a nutritional product developed by Tecnozoo S.p.A. as part of integrated strategies for Brachyspira spp. control in pig production.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/88190