The advent of smartphones changed people's daily lives, facilitating daily activities but also bringing challenges related to its sometimes excessive or maladaptive use. In this latter case, we deal with problematic smartphone use. Causes and effective strategies for the limitation of problematic smartphone use are not yet fully understood. Recent studies have highlighted similar characteristics of problematic smartphone use to those of problematic internet use, internet gaming disorder (included in the ICD-11), and gambling (included in the DSM-5), placing problematic smartphone use among behavioral addictions. In particular, it has also been highlighted how problematic smartphone use can lead to physical, psychological, and relational issues, especially among younger individuals, such as adolescents. The strategies adopted by parents to reduce the severity of problematic smartphone use by their children are called parental mediation and are mainly divided into two categories: enabling mediation, through which parents assist and educate their children on smartphone use, and restrictive mediation, where parents limit the usage time and accessible services on the smartphone for their children. Moreover, the connection with parents has also been proposed as an important factor in determining the severity of problematic smartphone use in children. This work aimed to investigate the link between problematic smartphone use in adolescents, different types of parental mediation, and their connection with parents. Specifically, a negative correlation was hypothesized between problematic smartphone use and enabling mediation, and between problematic smartphone use and connection with parents, and a positive correlation between problematic smartphone use and restrictive mediation. Data obtained from questionnaires administered to 1460 preadolescent children (aged 10 to 17) were analyzed. The questionnaires included questions related to the children's personal data, their smartphone usage, the modes and conditions allowed by parents for smartphone use, and their connection with parents. In the analyzed sample, no significant correlation was observed between problematic smartphone use and enabling mediation. However, a weak negative correlation was found between problematic smartphone use and restrictive mediation, and finally, a moderate negative correlation emerged between problematic smartphone use and connection with parents. The results obtained here partially confirm what is already known from previous studies but suggest a possible effect of restrictive mediation in reducing problematic smartphone use, which may potentially be more useful than enabling mediation.
Con la comparsa dello smartphone, la vita quotidiana delle persone ha subito diversi cambiamenti, portando con sé facilitazioni nello svolgimento di attività quotidiane ma allo stesso tempo criticità legate al suo utilizzo talvolta eccessivo o maladattivo. In questo ultimo caso si parla di uso problematico dello smartphone. L’uso problematico dello smartphone non è ancora stato compreso appieno nelle sue cause e nelle strategie maggiormente efficaci per la sua limitazione, ma recenti studi ne hanno evidenziato caratteristiche simili a quelle dell’uso problematico di Internet, dell’Internet gaming disorder, incluso nell’ ICD 11, e del gioco d’azzardo, incluso nel DSM-5, facendo ricadere l’uso problematico dello smartphone tra le dipendenze comportamentali. In particolare, è stato evidenziato anche come l’uso problematico dello smartphone possa portare a problemi di natura fisica, psicologica e relazionale soprattutto tra i soggetti più giovani come gli adolescenti. Le strategie adottate dai genitori per ridurre la probabilità di insorgenza o la gravità dell’uso problematico dello smartphone da parte dei figli sono chiamate mediazioni genitoriali e sono principalmente ricondotte a due categorie: la mediazione facilitante, tramite la quale i genitori assistono e educano i figli sull’utilizzo dello smartphone, è la mediazione restrittiva, tramite cui i genitori limitano il tempo di utilizzo e i servizi accessibili tramite lo smartphone da parte dei figli. Oltre alla mediazione vera e propria, anche la connessione con i genitori è stata proposta come fattore importante nel determinare probabilità e gravità dell’uso problematico dello smartphone del ragazzo. In questo elaborato si è voluto approfondire il legame tra uso problematico dello smartphone di ragazzi preadolescenti, le diverse tipologie di mediazione genitoriale e la 4 loro connessione con i genitori. In particolare, sono state ipotizzate una correlazione negativa tra uso problematico dello smartphone e mediazione facilitante, e tra uso problematico dello smartphone e connessione con i genitori, e una correlazione positiva tra uso problematico dello smartphone e mediazione restrittiva. Sono stati analizzati dati ottenuti da questionari somministrati a 1460 ragazzi preadolescenti (dai 10 ai 17 anni). I questionari includevano domande relative ai dati anagrafici dei ragazzi, al loro utilizzo dello smartphone, alle modalità e condizioni permesse dai genitori per l’utilizzo dello smartphone e alla loro connessione con i genitori. Nel campione analizzato non è stata osservata una correlazione significativa tra uso problematico dello smartphone e mediazione facilitante, una debole correlazione negativa è stata invece rilevata tra uso problematico dello smartphone e mediazione restrittiva ed infine è emersa una moderata correlazione negativa tra uso problematico dello smartphone e connessione con i genitori. I risultati qui ottenuti confermano parzialmente quanto già noto da studi precedenti ma indicano un possibile effetto della mediazione restrittiva nel ridurre l’uso problematico dello smartphone, che risulterebbe potenzialmente più utile della mediazione facilitante.
L’uso problematico dello smartphone nei preadolescenti: quanto le pratiche educative genitoriali influenzano le condotte problematiche dei figli?
GHINELLI, SARA
2024/2025
Abstract
The advent of smartphones changed people's daily lives, facilitating daily activities but also bringing challenges related to its sometimes excessive or maladaptive use. In this latter case, we deal with problematic smartphone use. Causes and effective strategies for the limitation of problematic smartphone use are not yet fully understood. Recent studies have highlighted similar characteristics of problematic smartphone use to those of problematic internet use, internet gaming disorder (included in the ICD-11), and gambling (included in the DSM-5), placing problematic smartphone use among behavioral addictions. In particular, it has also been highlighted how problematic smartphone use can lead to physical, psychological, and relational issues, especially among younger individuals, such as adolescents. The strategies adopted by parents to reduce the severity of problematic smartphone use by their children are called parental mediation and are mainly divided into two categories: enabling mediation, through which parents assist and educate their children on smartphone use, and restrictive mediation, where parents limit the usage time and accessible services on the smartphone for their children. Moreover, the connection with parents has also been proposed as an important factor in determining the severity of problematic smartphone use in children. This work aimed to investigate the link between problematic smartphone use in adolescents, different types of parental mediation, and their connection with parents. Specifically, a negative correlation was hypothesized between problematic smartphone use and enabling mediation, and between problematic smartphone use and connection with parents, and a positive correlation between problematic smartphone use and restrictive mediation. Data obtained from questionnaires administered to 1460 preadolescent children (aged 10 to 17) were analyzed. The questionnaires included questions related to the children's personal data, their smartphone usage, the modes and conditions allowed by parents for smartphone use, and their connection with parents. In the analyzed sample, no significant correlation was observed between problematic smartphone use and enabling mediation. However, a weak negative correlation was found between problematic smartphone use and restrictive mediation, and finally, a moderate negative correlation emerged between problematic smartphone use and connection with parents. The results obtained here partially confirm what is already known from previous studies but suggest a possible effect of restrictive mediation in reducing problematic smartphone use, which may potentially be more useful than enabling mediation.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/88791