Abstract This thesis addresses the complex issue of medical liability in criminal law, with a particular focus on the evolution of its legislative framework, enriched by the contributions of legal scholarship and case law. The analysis concentrates on two central aspects of medical negligence: clinical guidelines and gross negligence, integrating them within the broader framework of negligence as a legal category, in order to assess their consistency with the fundamental principles of the legal system. The objective is to provide a critical analysis of the current legislative framework and recent reform proposals. To this end, the first chapter offers a concise reconstruction of negligence as a dogmatic category within the theory of criminal offenses, examining its constituent elements and exploring the theory of the dual standard of negligence. This theory distinguishes between the objective standard, related to the typical conduct, and the subjective standard, concerning culpability. Particular attention is given to the historical evolution of comparative models and evaluative criteria, from the bonus pater familias standard to the homo eiusdem professionis et conditionis, which are instrumental in defining the level of diligence required of medical professionals. The second chapter focuses on clinical guidelines, examining their origin, development, and impact, with a critical assessment of their strengths and weaknesses. The chapter also analyzes the major legislative reforms that have shaped their role in medical liability. The third chapter examines the other cornerstone of medical negligence: gross negligence. It traces the evolution of this concept, analyzing how the threshold for criminal liability of medical professionals has changed over time, starting from the early interpretations of the 1960s, through the Balduzzi Law and the Gelli-Bianco Law, up to the most recent reform proposals. Building on the previous chapters, the final chapter addresses the critical issues of the current legal framework, offering a critical review of recent legislative proposals and putting forward a de iure condendo proposal. Ultimately, this thesis aims to contribute to the debate on medical criminal liability by providing a detailed examination of the institution. The primary objective is to critically assess the existing legal framework and reform proposals, highlighting areas in need of greater clarity and coherence in line with the fundamental principles of the legal system.
Abstract Il presente elaborato affronta la complessa tematica della responsabilità penale del medico, con particolare attenzione all’evoluzione della relativa disciplina legislativa, arricchita dal contributo di dottrina e giurisprudenza. L’analisi si concentra su due elementi centrali della colpa medica: le linee guida e la colpa grave, integrandoli nel quadro generale della categoria della colpa, al fine di valutarne la coerenza con i principi fondamentali del sistema giuridico. L’obiettivo è sviluppare una disamina critica della normativa vigente e delle recenti proposte di riforma in materia. A tal fine, il primo capitolo offre una ricostruzione sintetica della categoria dogmatica della colpa nella teoria del reato, esaminandone gli elementi costitutivi e approfondendo la teoria della doppia misura della colpa. Quest’ultima viene analizzata distinguendo tra la misura oggettiva, relativa al fatto tipico, e quella soggettiva, concernente l’area della colpevolezza. In particolare, viene posta attenzione sull’evoluzione storica dei modelli di comparazione e dei criteri valutativi, dai riferimenti al bonus pater familias all’homo eiusdem professionis et conditionis, utili a definire il grado di esigibilità della condotta richiesta al medico. Nel secondo capitolo, l’analisi si concentra sulle linee guida, esaminandone l’origine, lo sviluppo e gli effetti, con un’attenzione critica ai loro punti di forza e debolezza. Si analizzano, inoltre, le principali riforme normative che ne hanno influenzato l’applicazione nell’ambito della responsabilità medica. Il terzo capitolo si focalizza sull’altro pilastro della colpa medica: la colpa grave. Viene tracciata l’evoluzione del concetto, approfondendo le modifiche al "quantum" di punibilità richiesto ai medici, dai primi orientamenti degli anni ’60 fino alle leggi Balduzzi e Gelli-Bianco, per arrivare alle attuali proposte di riforma. Sulla base delle analisi svolte, l’ultimo capitolo affronta le criticità della disciplina vigente, proponendo una riflessione critica sulle recenti proposte normative e avanzando una proposta de iure condendo. In definitiva, questo lavoro si propone di contribuire al dibattito sulla responsabilità penale medica, evidenziando le aree che necessitano di maggiore chiarezza e coerenza per allineare la disciplina ai principi fondamentali del sistema giuridico.
La responsabilità penale del medico tra linee guida e colpa grave. Studio sull'evoluzione della responsabilità colposa in ambito sanitario
STEFANI, ALICE
2024/2025
Abstract
Abstract This thesis addresses the complex issue of medical liability in criminal law, with a particular focus on the evolution of its legislative framework, enriched by the contributions of legal scholarship and case law. The analysis concentrates on two central aspects of medical negligence: clinical guidelines and gross negligence, integrating them within the broader framework of negligence as a legal category, in order to assess their consistency with the fundamental principles of the legal system. The objective is to provide a critical analysis of the current legislative framework and recent reform proposals. To this end, the first chapter offers a concise reconstruction of negligence as a dogmatic category within the theory of criminal offenses, examining its constituent elements and exploring the theory of the dual standard of negligence. This theory distinguishes between the objective standard, related to the typical conduct, and the subjective standard, concerning culpability. Particular attention is given to the historical evolution of comparative models and evaluative criteria, from the bonus pater familias standard to the homo eiusdem professionis et conditionis, which are instrumental in defining the level of diligence required of medical professionals. The second chapter focuses on clinical guidelines, examining their origin, development, and impact, with a critical assessment of their strengths and weaknesses. The chapter also analyzes the major legislative reforms that have shaped their role in medical liability. The third chapter examines the other cornerstone of medical negligence: gross negligence. It traces the evolution of this concept, analyzing how the threshold for criminal liability of medical professionals has changed over time, starting from the early interpretations of the 1960s, through the Balduzzi Law and the Gelli-Bianco Law, up to the most recent reform proposals. Building on the previous chapters, the final chapter addresses the critical issues of the current legal framework, offering a critical review of recent legislative proposals and putting forward a de iure condendo proposal. Ultimately, this thesis aims to contribute to the debate on medical criminal liability by providing a detailed examination of the institution. The primary objective is to critically assess the existing legal framework and reform proposals, highlighting areas in need of greater clarity and coherence in line with the fundamental principles of the legal system.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/89844