This thesis aims to develop and conduct an initial exploratory application of an observational tool based on the CbKST (Competence-based Knowledge Space Theory), designed to assess attributes related to self-regulation and executive functioning in children and adolescents. The questionnaire consists of 19 negatively worded, dichotomous (yes/no) items, and was designed to systematically evaluate six key attributes: response inhibition, emotional self-control, monitoring, planning and organization, working memory, and cognitive flexibility. The tool was administered through teacher-report observations of children and adolescents with a formal diagnosis of ADHD, or who presented clinical profiles highly consistent with ADHD-like functioning (including ongoing assessments or comorbid conditions). Some observations were directly completed by teachers in school settings, adding an educational perspective to the clinical one. Data were analyzed qualitatively to explore internal consistency, the plausibility of item-to-attribute mapping, and the tool’s capacity to differentiate among diverse functional profiles. Preliminary findings support a good alignment between the theoretical structure and the observed response patterns. This work represents a first step toward the validation of an observational tool that can serve educational and clinical contexts, promoting a nuanced understanding of behavior, also moving beyond diagnostic labels.
La presente tesi ha come obiettivo la costruzione e la prima applicazione esplorativa di uno strumento osservativo basato sul modello CbKST (Competence-based Knowledge Space Theory), volto alla valutazione di attributi legati all’autoregolazione e al funzionamento esecutivo in età evolutiva. Il questionario, composto da 19 item formulati in forma negativa e a risposta dicotomica (sì/no), è stato progettato per rilevare in modo strutturato sei attributi principali: inibizione della risposta, autocontrollo emotivo, monitoraggio, pianificazione e organizzazione, memoria di lavoro e flessibilità cognitiva. La somministrazione è avvenuta in modalità indiretta (teacher-report) attraverso l’osservazione sistematica di bambini e ragazzi con diagnosi di ADHD o con osservazioni cliniche altamente coerenti con un funzionamento di tipo ADHD, anche in fase di valutazione o associato a quadri spesso comorbidi. Alcune delle osservazioni sono state raccolte direttamente da insegnanti nel contesto scolastico, offrendo una prospettiva educativa complementare a quella clinica. I dati sono stati analizzati in ottica qualitativa, con lo scopo di esplorare la coerenza interna del test, la plausibilità degli attributi assegnati agli item e la possibilità di discriminare tra diversi profili funzionali. I risultati preliminari suggeriscono una buona corrispondenza tra la struttura teorica proposta e i pattern osservati nei profili. Questo lavoro rappresenta un primo passo verso la validazione di uno strumento osservativo utile nei contesti educativi e clinici, contribuendo a una lettura più sfumata e funzionale del comportamento, anche oltre la sola etichetta diagnostica.
Valutazione delle competenze di autoregolazione e monitoraggio in bambini e adolescenti con ADHD: Sviluppo di uno strumento diagnostico basato sulla competence-based knowledge space theory
MASI, ALESSANDRO
2024/2025
Abstract
This thesis aims to develop and conduct an initial exploratory application of an observational tool based on the CbKST (Competence-based Knowledge Space Theory), designed to assess attributes related to self-regulation and executive functioning in children and adolescents. The questionnaire consists of 19 negatively worded, dichotomous (yes/no) items, and was designed to systematically evaluate six key attributes: response inhibition, emotional self-control, monitoring, planning and organization, working memory, and cognitive flexibility. The tool was administered through teacher-report observations of children and adolescents with a formal diagnosis of ADHD, or who presented clinical profiles highly consistent with ADHD-like functioning (including ongoing assessments or comorbid conditions). Some observations were directly completed by teachers in school settings, adding an educational perspective to the clinical one. Data were analyzed qualitatively to explore internal consistency, the plausibility of item-to-attribute mapping, and the tool’s capacity to differentiate among diverse functional profiles. Preliminary findings support a good alignment between the theoretical structure and the observed response patterns. This work represents a first step toward the validation of an observational tool that can serve educational and clinical contexts, promoting a nuanced understanding of behavior, also moving beyond diagnostic labels.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/90907