ADHD (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that emerges in early childhood and may persist into adulthood, affecting cognitive, behavioral, and emotional functioning. Numerous studies have highlighted a high comorbidity between ADHD and Substance Use Disorder (SUD), with significant implications from clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic perspectives. This thesis aims to explore such comorbidity through a multidimensional approach, taking into account neurobiological factors (particularly dysfunctions in the dopaminergic system and reward circuits), emotional and behavioral components (such as affective dysregulation and impulsivity), and psychosocial risk factors. The role of ADHD as a potential early vulnerability factor for substance use and addiction is examined, emphasizing how this complex interaction may hinder timely recognition and treatment of both conditions. Finally, the thesis addresses the main strategies for intervention and prevention, with particular attention to the effectiveness of integrated approaches combining pharmacological treatment and psychotherapy. The goal is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the clinical complexity of this dual diagnosis, underlining the importance of an individualized diagnostic and therapeutic framework.
L’ADHD (Disturbo da Deficit di Attenzione/Iperattività) è un disturbo del neurosviluppo che si manifesta precocemente e può persistere nell’età adulta, influenzando il funzionamento cognitivo, comportamentale ed emotivo dell’individuo. Numerosi studi evidenziano un’elevata comorbilità tra l’ADHD e il Disturbo da Uso di Sostanze (SUD), con implicazioni significative sul piano clinico, diagnostico e terapeutico. Questo elaborato si propone di esplorare tale comorbilità in una prospettiva multidimensionale, considerando i fattori neurobiologici (in particolare le disfunzioni del sistema dopaminergico e i circuiti del reward), le componenti emotivo-comportamentali (come la disregolazione affettiva e l’impulsività) e i fattori di rischio psicosociali. Viene inoltre approfondito il ruolo dell’ADHD come possibile fattore di vulnerabilità precoce all’uso e alla dipendenza da sostanze, evidenziando come questa interazione complessa possa ostacolare il riconoscimento e il trattamento tempestivo di entrambe le condizioni. Infine, l’elaborato affronta le principali strategie di intervento e prevenzione, con particolare attenzione all’efficacia degli approcci integrati che combinano trattamento farmacologico e psicoterapia. L’obiettivo è offrire una visione complessiva della complessità clinica di questa doppia diagnosi, sottolineando l’importanza di un inquadramento diagnostico e terapeutico individualizzato.
Tra attenzione e dipendenza: una prospettiva multidimensionale sulla comorbilità tra ADHD e disturbo da uso di sostanze
PIERLEONI, ANGELICA
2024/2025
Abstract
ADHD (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that emerges in early childhood and may persist into adulthood, affecting cognitive, behavioral, and emotional functioning. Numerous studies have highlighted a high comorbidity between ADHD and Substance Use Disorder (SUD), with significant implications from clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic perspectives. This thesis aims to explore such comorbidity through a multidimensional approach, taking into account neurobiological factors (particularly dysfunctions in the dopaminergic system and reward circuits), emotional and behavioral components (such as affective dysregulation and impulsivity), and psychosocial risk factors. The role of ADHD as a potential early vulnerability factor for substance use and addiction is examined, emphasizing how this complex interaction may hinder timely recognition and treatment of both conditions. Finally, the thesis addresses the main strategies for intervention and prevention, with particular attention to the effectiveness of integrated approaches combining pharmacological treatment and psychotherapy. The goal is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the clinical complexity of this dual diagnosis, underlining the importance of an individualized diagnostic and therapeutic framework.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/90929