Studies in regards to the functioning of visual areas and visuospatial attention have identified specific populations of neurons in the right Frontal Eye Field (rFEF) and the right Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (rDLPF). These populations appear to be involved in the inhibition of attention, both automatic and voluntary, a function that allows the brain to focus on the most relevant elements of the visual environment by suppressing non-essential information. The present study aims to analyze attentional inhibition mechanisms through two cognitive tasks: the MILO task, which measures visual search — the process through which the human visual system explores the environment to locate a specific object among distractors — and the Go/no-go task, which assesses voluntary inhibitory control. Both tasks are performed before and after the administration of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to evaluate the possible effects of stimulation on cognitive performance. TMS is delivered at a low frequency (1 Hz) for 20 minutes, with the goal of inducing an inhibitory effect on the targeted brain areas (rFEF, rDLPF, CZ). The expected results predict that, following transcranial magnetic stimulation, participants will show poorer performance in terms of reaction times and accuracy in both the MILO task and the Go/no-go task compared to the pre-stimulation results, suggesting interference with attentional processes. This study aims to improve understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying visuospatial attention.
Gli studi sul funzionamento delle aree visive e sulla cattura dell’attenzione visuo-spaziale hanno portato all’individuazione di alcune popolazioni specifiche di neuroni nel campo oculare frontale destro (rFEF) e nella corteccia prefrontale dorsolaterale destra (rDLPF). Queste popolazioni sembrano essere coinvolte nell’inibizione dell’attenzione, sia automatica che volontaria, funzionalità che permette al cervello di concentrarsi sugli elementi più rilevanti dell’ambiente visivo, inibendo le informazioni non essenziali. Il presente studio si propone di analizzare i meccanismi di inibizione attentiva attraverso due compiti cognitivi: il MILO task, che misura la ricerca visiva, ovvero quel processo attraverso cui il sistema visivo umano esplora l’ambiente per trovare un oggetto specifico tra distrattori, e il Go/no-go task, che valuta il controllo inibitorio volontario. Entrambi i compiti vengono eseguiti prima e dopo la somministrazione della stimolazione magnetica transcranica (TMS), per valutare i possibili effetti della stimolazione sulle prestazioni cognitive. La TMS viene erogata a bassa frequenza (1 Hz) per 20 minuti, con l’obiettivo di indurre un effetto inibitorio sulle aree cerebrali coinvolte (rFEF, rDLPF, CZ). I risultati attesi prevedono che, in seguito alla stimolazione magnetica transcranica, i partecipanti abbiano performance peggiori in termini di tempo e d’accuratezza sia nel MILO task che nel Go/no-go task rispetto ai risultati registrati prima della stimolazione, suggerendo un’interferenza nei processi attentivi. Questo studio mira a migliorare la comprensione dei meccanismi neurali alla base dell’attenzione visuo-spaziale.
Indagine sull’inibizione volontaria e automatica tramite TMS: uno studio sui campi oculari frontali e sulla corteccia prefrontale dorsolaterale
MIGOTTI, MATTEO
2024/2025
Abstract
Studies in regards to the functioning of visual areas and visuospatial attention have identified specific populations of neurons in the right Frontal Eye Field (rFEF) and the right Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (rDLPF). These populations appear to be involved in the inhibition of attention, both automatic and voluntary, a function that allows the brain to focus on the most relevant elements of the visual environment by suppressing non-essential information. The present study aims to analyze attentional inhibition mechanisms through two cognitive tasks: the MILO task, which measures visual search — the process through which the human visual system explores the environment to locate a specific object among distractors — and the Go/no-go task, which assesses voluntary inhibitory control. Both tasks are performed before and after the administration of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to evaluate the possible effects of stimulation on cognitive performance. TMS is delivered at a low frequency (1 Hz) for 20 minutes, with the goal of inducing an inhibitory effect on the targeted brain areas (rFEF, rDLPF, CZ). The expected results predict that, following transcranial magnetic stimulation, participants will show poorer performance in terms of reaction times and accuracy in both the MILO task and the Go/no-go task compared to the pre-stimulation results, suggesting interference with attentional processes. This study aims to improve understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying visuospatial attention.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/91130