The ability to orient oneself in space and to indicate a direction through pointing movements represents a fundamental component of human interaction with the environment, reflecting the flexibility of spatial representations. To investigate the relationship between embodied knowledge of familiar environments and motor system activation, an experiment was conducted requiring participants to perform a task imagining index finger pointing movements. Task difficulty was manipulated by introducing conditions of spatial alignment or counter-alignment between the imagined target location and participants’ body orientation, with the aim of assessing the interaction between spatial and motor representations. Motor system activity during motor imagery was assessed by recording motor evoked potentials (MEPs) from the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscle, elicited via transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Results revealed a significant increase in corticospinal excitability for imagined movements directed towards targets located in counter-aligned positions compared to body-aligned ones. These findings suggest a close relationship between spatial and motor representations, supporting the view that spatial cognition is fundamentally embodied.
La capacità di orientarsi nello spazio ed indicare una direzione mediante movimenti di puntamento o pointing, rappresenta una componente essenziale dell’interazione con l’ambiente e riflette la flessibilità delle rappresentazioni spaziali dell’individuo. Al fine di indagare la relazione tra la conoscenza intrinseca di ambienti familiari e l’attivazione del sistema motorio, è stato condotto un esperimento in cui veniva richiesto ai partecipanti di svolgere un compito di immaginazione di movimenti di pointing con il dito indice. La difficoltà del compito è stata modulata introducendo condizioni di allineamento o contro-allineamento spaziale tra posizione immaginata e orientamento corporeo, con l’obiettivo di testare la relazione tra rappresentazioni spaziali e motorie. L'attività del sistema motorio durante l’immaginazione motoria è stata valutata misurando i potenziali evocati motori (MEP) dal muscolo primo interosseo dorsale elicitati tramite stimolazione magnetica transcranica (TMS). I risultati hanno rivelato un aumento significativo dell'eccitabilità corticospinale nei movimenti immaginati verso target in posizione contro-allineata rispetto a quelli allineati con il corpo. Questo risultato suggerisce una stretta relazione tra rappresentazioni spaziali e motorie, in linea con l’idea che la cognizione spaziale sia incentrata sul corpo.
Conoscenza spaziale e rappresentazione motoria: studio TMS sull’immaginazione di movimenti di pointing in ambienti familiari
REMIA, MATILDE
2024/2025
Abstract
The ability to orient oneself in space and to indicate a direction through pointing movements represents a fundamental component of human interaction with the environment, reflecting the flexibility of spatial representations. To investigate the relationship between embodied knowledge of familiar environments and motor system activation, an experiment was conducted requiring participants to perform a task imagining index finger pointing movements. Task difficulty was manipulated by introducing conditions of spatial alignment or counter-alignment between the imagined target location and participants’ body orientation, with the aim of assessing the interaction between spatial and motor representations. Motor system activity during motor imagery was assessed by recording motor evoked potentials (MEPs) from the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscle, elicited via transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Results revealed a significant increase in corticospinal excitability for imagined movements directed towards targets located in counter-aligned positions compared to body-aligned ones. These findings suggest a close relationship between spatial and motor representations, supporting the view that spatial cognition is fundamentally embodied.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/91142