The Use of Geographical Indications in Central America and Panama: A Comparative Analysis with the European Legal Framework and a Case Study of Boquete Coffee

This thesis examines the role of Geographical Indications (GIs) in Panama and Central America through a comparative analysis with the European Union’s legal framework. It focuses on the Denomination of Origin (DO) system as a tool for product valorization and intellectual property protection, with a case study on Boquete coffee, one of Panama’s most renowned agri-food products, which has received national DO recognition. The research investigates the effectiveness of Panama’s GI framework under Law 35 of 1996 and assesses how local stakeholders perceive the added value of DO compared to globally recognized certifications such as specialty coffee. Methodologically, the study combines legal analysis with qualitative data collected through interviews and surveys. Although the results are pending, the research aims to identify institutional challenges, market perceptions, and policy opportunities to strengthen the GI system in emerging economies. The findings are expected to offer recommendations for aligning national frameworks with international standards and enhancing the commercial and cultural impact of origin-based certifications.