Qubit–oscillator systems constitute fundamental components of diverse quantum computing hardware architectures. In particular, entangled cat states find applications in several areas, notably in quantum error correction protocols and the implementation of quantum gates, among others. Characterizing their entanglement has therefore become a central issue in the field of quantum information. However, full state tomography of such systems is experimentally unfeasible due to the large dimension of the Hilbert space. Alternative approaches to characterizing entanglement in these systems are thus required. This project proposes a Quantitative Entanglement Witness (QEW), derived from a generalization of Bell inequalities tailored to entangled cat states. We will demonstrate, both theoretically and through simulation, the ability of the QEW to detect entanglement in various scenarios. Finally, we will define the bounding function of the QEW, providing a new feasible method for quantifying a lower bound of entanglement in such systems using a limited number of measurements of Hermitian operators.
I sistemi qubit–oscillatore costituiscono componenti fondamentali di diverse architetture hardware per il calcolo quantistico. In particolare, gli entangled cat state trovano applicazione in vari ambiti, come nei protocolli di correzione degli errori quantistici e nell’implementazione delle porte quantistiche, tra gli altri. La caratterizzazione dell’entanglement in questi sistemi `e quindi diventata una questione centrale nel campo dell’informazione quantistica. Tuttavia, la tomografia completa dello stato `e sperimentalmente irrealizzabile a causa dell’elevata dimensione dello spazio di Hilbert. Sono dunque necessarie strategie alternative per caratterizzare l’entanglement in tali sistemi. Questo progetto propone un Quantitative Entanglement Witness (QEW), derivato da una generalizzazione delle disuguaglianze di Bell adattata agli stati cat entangled. Dimostreremo, sia teoricamente che tramite simulazioni, la capacit`a del QEW di rilevare entanglement in diversi scenari. Infine, definiremo la funzione di bound del QEW, offrendo un nuovo metodo realizzabile per quantificare un limite inferiore dell’entanglement in tali sistemi, utilizzando un numero limitato di misure di operatori hermitiani.
Certificatori di entanglement per entangled cat states
TOVO, TOMMASO
2024/2025
Abstract
Qubit–oscillator systems constitute fundamental components of diverse quantum computing hardware architectures. In particular, entangled cat states find applications in several areas, notably in quantum error correction protocols and the implementation of quantum gates, among others. Characterizing their entanglement has therefore become a central issue in the field of quantum information. However, full state tomography of such systems is experimentally unfeasible due to the large dimension of the Hilbert space. Alternative approaches to characterizing entanglement in these systems are thus required. This project proposes a Quantitative Entanglement Witness (QEW), derived from a generalization of Bell inequalities tailored to entangled cat states. We will demonstrate, both theoretically and through simulation, the ability of the QEW to detect entanglement in various scenarios. Finally, we will define the bounding function of the QEW, providing a new feasible method for quantifying a lower bound of entanglement in such systems using a limited number of measurements of Hermitian operators.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/91593