circRNAs are a class of RNA that belong to the family of non-coding transcripts, long considered as byproducts resulting from the maturation processes of primary transcripts. Recent studies have highlighted the presence of specific expression patterns of circRNAs and their functional roles in different cellular contexts, making them objects of growing interest in molecular research. However, their identification from a solution containing total RNA extracted from a biological sample remains a challenge, mainly due to the limitations imposed by RNA-Seq technologies based on short-read generation, such as the Illumina platform, which do not allow bioinformatics algorithms to accurately distinguish between circular transcripts and their corresponding linear counterparts. This thesis aims to present a protocol for full-length sequencing of circRNA-enriched libraries using Oxford Nanopore technology, describing and comparing different experimental approaches for library preparation. At each step, the impact on circRNA detection efficiency was assessed by comparing the results with Illumina RNA-Seq datasets, in order to evaluate the accuracy and specificity of the protocol. In conclusion, an optimized protocol for circRNA identification is defined, contributing to the development of more effective experimental approaches for the study of these molecules.
I circRNA sono una classe di RNA che rientra nella famiglia dei trascritti non codificanti, a lungo considerati come sottoprodotti derivanti dai processi di maturazione dei trascritti primari. Recenti studi hanno evidenziato la presenza di pattern di espressione specifici dei circRNA e ruoli funzionali in differenti contesti cellulari, rendendoli oggetti di crescente interesse nella ricerca molecolare. Tuttavia, la loro identificazione a partire da una soluzione contenente l’RNA totale estratto da un campione biologico rappresenta una sfida, principalmente per le limitazioni imposte dall’utilizzo di tecnologie di RNA-Seq basate sulla generazione di short-read, come la piattaforma Illumina, che non consentono agli algoritmi bioinformatici un’accurata distinzione tra trascritti circolari e i corrispondenti trascritti lineari. Questo elaborato ha l’obiettivo di presentare un protocollo per il sequenziamento full-length di librerie arricchite per i circRNA tramite la tecnologia Oxford Nanopore, descrivendo e confrontando differenti approcci sperimentali per la preparazione della libreria. A ciascun passaggio, sono stati valutati l’impatto sull’efficienza di rilevazione dei circRNA, confrontando i risultati con dataset di RNA-Seq Illumina, al fine di valutare l’accuratezza e la specificità del protocollo. In conclusione, si definisce un protocollo ottimizzato per l’identificazione dei circRNA, contribuendo allo sviluppo di approcci sperimentali più efficaci per lo studio di queste molecole.
Analisi di una libreria di cDNA arricchita per molecole di RNA circolari mediante l’utilizzo della tecnologia Nanopore
BISCARO, DAVIDE
2024/2025
Abstract
circRNAs are a class of RNA that belong to the family of non-coding transcripts, long considered as byproducts resulting from the maturation processes of primary transcripts. Recent studies have highlighted the presence of specific expression patterns of circRNAs and their functional roles in different cellular contexts, making them objects of growing interest in molecular research. However, their identification from a solution containing total RNA extracted from a biological sample remains a challenge, mainly due to the limitations imposed by RNA-Seq technologies based on short-read generation, such as the Illumina platform, which do not allow bioinformatics algorithms to accurately distinguish between circular transcripts and their corresponding linear counterparts. This thesis aims to present a protocol for full-length sequencing of circRNA-enriched libraries using Oxford Nanopore technology, describing and comparing different experimental approaches for library preparation. At each step, the impact on circRNA detection efficiency was assessed by comparing the results with Illumina RNA-Seq datasets, in order to evaluate the accuracy and specificity of the protocol. In conclusion, an optimized protocol for circRNA identification is defined, contributing to the development of more effective experimental approaches for the study of these molecules.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/91937