In recent years, the intensity and frequency of abiotic and biotic disturbances have increased as a consequence of climate change, which reduces the resistance and resilience of Alpine forests to such disturbances. The infestation of the spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus) following the Vaia storm of 2018 has also reached the Val Pusteria (BZ) area, particularly the Anterselva Valley, where the forested area under study is located. There, after the beginning of the beetle attacks in 2022, a windthrow event also occurred, which further worsened the state of the infestation. With the aim of characterizing the presence and condition of the natural regeneration established in the aforementioned area, an investigation was carried out on the regeneration and on some of the microsite parameters that influence it. The study shows that the plot under investigation contains abundant natural regeneration, predominantly of Norway spruce (17700 individuals per hectare), with the presence of larch (10%) and, to a lesser extent, Scots pine (3.4%). In order to increase the resistance and resilience of the forest under study to disturbances, early silvicultural treatments are suggested to promote a mixture of species (for example, supporting the establishment of larch regeneration, also considering possible protection against browsing by wildlife). At the same time, within the framework of the Interreg Alpine Space ADPTNOW project (aimed at strengthening the adaptive capacity of highly impacted and exposed Alpine areas) coordinated by Eurac Research, reforestation interventions are being evaluated to increase the presence of larch and Scots pine. Promoting the transition to mixed forest, together with the development of a multilayered vertical stand structure, can reduce the risk of future spruce bark beetle outbreaks and increase the forest’s resistance to windthrow.
Negli ultimi anni, i disturbi naturali abiotici e biotici sono aumentati di intensità e frequenza, come conseguenza del cambiamento climatico che induce nelle foreste alpine una riduzione della resistenza e resilienza ai disturbi. L’infestazione da bostrico tipografo (Ips typographus) successiva alla tempesta Vaia del 2018, è arrivata ad interessare anche la zona della Val Pusteria (BZ), in particolare la Valle di Anterselva, dove si trova l’area boscata oggetto di questo studio, in cui, successivamente all’inizio degli attacchi da parte dello scolitide nel 2022, si è verificato anche da uno schianto da vento, che ha aggravato ulteriormente lo stato dell’infestazione. Con l’obiettivo di caratterizzare la presenza e lo stato della rinnovazione naturale insediatasi nell’area sopra citata, è stata condotta un’indagine sulla rinnovazione e su alcuni dei parametri del microsito che ne condizionano l’insediamento e l’affermazione. Dallo studio si evince che nella particella in esame è presente un’abbondante rinnovazione naturale, prevalentemente di abete rosso (17700 individui ad ettaro), con presenza di larice (10%) e minoritariamente anche di pino silvestre (3,4%). Al fine di aumentare la resistenza e la resilienza della foresta oggetto dello studio nei confronti dei disturbi, si suggeriscono cure colturali precoci per favorire il mix di specie (per esempio favorendo l’affermazione della rinnovazione di larice valutando anche l’eventuale protezione contro la brucatura da parte della fauna selvatica). Contestualmente, nell’ambito del progetto Interreg Alpine Space ADPTNOW (per il rafforzamento della capacità di adattamento dei territori alpini altamente impattati ed esposti) a cura di Eurac Research, vengono valutati interventi di rimboschimento per incrementare la presenza di larice e pino silvestre. Favorire il passaggio al bosco misto, unitamente allo sviluppo di un soprassuolo con struttura verticale su più piani, può ridurre il rischio di future pullulazioni del bostrico tipografo ed aumentare la resistenza della foresta agli schianti da vento.
Caratterizzazione della rinnovazione naturale in popolamenti interessati dall'attacco di Ips typographus nella Valle di Anterselva (BZ)
CALIARI, EMMA
2024/2025
Abstract
In recent years, the intensity and frequency of abiotic and biotic disturbances have increased as a consequence of climate change, which reduces the resistance and resilience of Alpine forests to such disturbances. The infestation of the spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus) following the Vaia storm of 2018 has also reached the Val Pusteria (BZ) area, particularly the Anterselva Valley, where the forested area under study is located. There, after the beginning of the beetle attacks in 2022, a windthrow event also occurred, which further worsened the state of the infestation. With the aim of characterizing the presence and condition of the natural regeneration established in the aforementioned area, an investigation was carried out on the regeneration and on some of the microsite parameters that influence it. The study shows that the plot under investigation contains abundant natural regeneration, predominantly of Norway spruce (17700 individuals per hectare), with the presence of larch (10%) and, to a lesser extent, Scots pine (3.4%). In order to increase the resistance and resilience of the forest under study to disturbances, early silvicultural treatments are suggested to promote a mixture of species (for example, supporting the establishment of larch regeneration, also considering possible protection against browsing by wildlife). At the same time, within the framework of the Interreg Alpine Space ADPTNOW project (aimed at strengthening the adaptive capacity of highly impacted and exposed Alpine areas) coordinated by Eurac Research, reforestation interventions are being evaluated to increase the presence of larch and Scots pine. Promoting the transition to mixed forest, together with the development of a multilayered vertical stand structure, can reduce the risk of future spruce bark beetle outbreaks and increase the forest’s resistance to windthrow.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/93983