In this research we wanted to compare the performances of two food incubation systems, taking into consideration the flour dough for the preparation of pizza bases. In particular, an incubator/blast chiller represents the method used; the thesis considered the traditional tool and the one that introduces an innovation that would improve the product, from the dough to the cooked food. To evaluate the difference between the traditional and the innovative system, the chemical and physical characteristics of the products obtained with both production methodologies were analyzed, following the entire process from the flour to the finished product. The analyses carried out are the following: the analysis of the tag with which the chemical composition of the dough and flour of the product was evaluated by evaluating the moisture, protein, lipid and ash content; the volatile component of dough and flour through gas chromatography, with which the volatile molecules present in the different samples were compared to evaluate similarities and differences; the physical properties through TPA (Texture Profile Analysis), which was carried out on both the dough and the cooked product by evaluating their respective parameters; SDS-PAGE electrophoresis to see if there were differences in the protein profiles, in particular albumins, globulins and the gluten proteins gliadins and glutenins of the dough in the flours; the starch resistance test carried out on the cooked product and the flour. Image analysis was also carried out with the images obtained from the SEM electronic microscope of the CEASC using the Imagej software and the use of artificial intelligence. The following was also done on images obtained with a bifocal microscope with FITCH staining to highlight gluten proteins and starch granules.
In questa ricerca si è voluto confrontare le performance di due sistemi di incubazione degli alimenti, prendendo in considerazione l’impasto di farina per la preparazione delle basi per pizza. In particolare, un incubatore/abbattitore rappresenta il metodo utilizzato; la tesi ha considerato lo strumento tradizionale e quello che introduce un’innovazione che migliorerebbe il prodotto, dall’impasto fino all’alimento cotto. Per valutare la differenza tra il sistema tradizionale e quello innovativo, sono state analizzate le caratteristiche chimiche e fisiche dei prodotti ottenuti con entrambe le metodologie di produzione, seguendo l’intero processo dalla farina al prodotto finito. Le analisi svolte sono le seguenti: l’analisi del cartellino con la quale si è andati a valutare la composizione chimica degli impasti e della farina del prodotto andando a valutare il contenuto di umidità, proteine, lipidi e ceneri; la componente volatile di impasti e farina tramite la gascromatografia, con la quale si è andati confrontare le molecole volatili presenti nei diversi campioni per valutare somiglianze e differenze; le proprietà fisiche tramite l’analisi TPA (Texture Profile Analysis), la quale è stata effettuata sia sugli impasti che sul prodotto cotto andando a valutare i loro rispettivi parametri; l’elettroforesi SDS-PAGE per vedere se erano presenti delle differenze nei profili delle proteine, in particolare albumine, globuline e le proteine del glutine gliadine e glutenine degli impasti nelle farine; il test dell’amido-resistenza effettuato sul prodotto cotto e la farina. È stata effettuata anche l’analisi d’immagine con le immagini ottenute dal microscopio elettronico SEM del CEASC sfruttando il software Imagej e l’utilizzo dell’intelligenza artificiale. La seguente è stata fatta anche sulle immagini ottenute con microscopio bifocale con colorazione FITCH per evidenziare le proteine del glutine e i granuli di amido.
Tecniche chimico-fisiche e di analisi d'immagine nel confronto di prodotti da forno trattati in abbattitore
TASINATO, MARCO
2024/2025
Abstract
In this research we wanted to compare the performances of two food incubation systems, taking into consideration the flour dough for the preparation of pizza bases. In particular, an incubator/blast chiller represents the method used; the thesis considered the traditional tool and the one that introduces an innovation that would improve the product, from the dough to the cooked food. To evaluate the difference between the traditional and the innovative system, the chemical and physical characteristics of the products obtained with both production methodologies were analyzed, following the entire process from the flour to the finished product. The analyses carried out are the following: the analysis of the tag with which the chemical composition of the dough and flour of the product was evaluated by evaluating the moisture, protein, lipid and ash content; the volatile component of dough and flour through gas chromatography, with which the volatile molecules present in the different samples were compared to evaluate similarities and differences; the physical properties through TPA (Texture Profile Analysis), which was carried out on both the dough and the cooked product by evaluating their respective parameters; SDS-PAGE electrophoresis to see if there were differences in the protein profiles, in particular albumins, globulins and the gluten proteins gliadins and glutenins of the dough in the flours; the starch resistance test carried out on the cooked product and the flour. Image analysis was also carried out with the images obtained from the SEM electronic microscope of the CEASC using the Imagej software and the use of artificial intelligence. The following was also done on images obtained with a bifocal microscope with FITCH staining to highlight gluten proteins and starch granules.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/94300