Climate change represents one of the major challenges currently faced by global viticulture. Climate is strongly influenced by anthropogenic activities such as deforestation, the use of fossil fuels, and pollution, which lead to the release of large amounts of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. These gases trap heat radiated from the Earth’s surface, preventing its dissipation into space and thereby causing a rise in global temperatures, as well as an increased frequency of extreme weather events. During the 2024–2025 growing seasons, several canopy management strategies were tested on the Glera variety at the Antica Quercia estate, located in the Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco Superiore DOCG area, with the aim of mitigating the negative effects of heatwaves. In each experimental plot, on both sides of the vine rows, treatments were applied using a backpack sprayer with a mixture of kaolin and zeolite suspended in water, and shading nets were installed in an apron configuration. Kaolin is a white, inert, and non-toxic aluminosilicate with reflective properties that can reduce water stress and prevent berry sunburn. Zeolite, also an aluminosilicate mineral of volcanic origin, is used in agriculture for its adsorptive, reflective, and cation-exchange properties. In each treatment, including the untreated control, several measurements were performed to characterize the microclimate within the canopy, including direct berry temperature measurements using thermocouples. In addition, ecophysiological parameters such as stomatal conductance were assessed, along with qualitative and quantitative grape parameters at harvest, specifically soluble solids content, organic acids, and must pH. The results highlighted that the use of shading nets induced a significant reduction in leaf and canopy temperature, a delay in the ripening process, and an increase in both average yield per vine and berry weight. Kaolin, owing to its reflective properties, was effective in mitigating thermal stress by preserving chlorophyll content and maintaining higher acidity levels in the berries, while zeolite exhibited comparable effects, sustaining higher stomatal conductance values thus improving vine’s thermoregulation capacity. Moreover, all treatments contributed to limiting copper accumulation in musts. Overall, the three strategies can be considered as complementary practices, capable of mitigating the effects of climate change and promoting optimal grape production in terms of both quality and quantity.
Il cambiamento climatico rappresenta una delle principali sfide che la viticoltura mondiale si trova ad affrontare. Il clima è influenzato dalle attività antropiche, come la deforestazione, l’utilizzo di combustibili fossili e l’inquinamento, che comportano il rilascio di elevate quantità di anidride carbonica e altri gas serra. Questi gas intrappolano il calore irradiato dalla superficie terrestre, impedendone la dispersione nello spazio, determinando così un innalzamento della temperatura globale e una maggiore frequenza di eventi meteorologici estremi. Nel biennio 2024–2025, presso l’azienda l’Antica Quercia, situata nell’area del Conegliano-Valdobbiadene Prosecco Superiore DOCG, sono state sperimentate diverse strategie agronomiche di gestione della chioma su varietà Glera, con l’obiettivo di contrastare gli effetti negativi delle ondate di calore. In ciascuna parcella, su entrambi i lati del filare, sono stati effettuati trattamenti mediante atomizzatore a spalla con una miscela di caolino e zeolite disciolti in acqua, e sono state applicate reti ombreggianti a grembiule. Il caolino è un alluminosilicato di colore bianco, inerte e non tossico, che possiede proprietà riflettenti utili per limitare lo stress idrico e le scottature solari. La zeolite, anch’essa un minerale alluminosilicato di origine vulcanica, è impiegata in agricoltura per le sue proprietà adsorbenti, riflettenti e di scambio cationico. In ogni trattamento, incluso il controllo, sono state effettuate misurazioni volte a caratterizzare il microclima interno alla chioma, misure dirette di temperatura delle bacche tramite l’utilizzo di termocoppie, insieme all’analisi di parametri ecofisiologici, come la conduttanza stomatica e la misura di parametri quali-quantitativi dell’uva alla vendemmia, in particolare il contenuto di solidi solubili, acidi organici e il valore di pH. I risultati hanno evidenziato che la rete ombreggiante ha determinato una significativa riduzione della temperatura fogliare e della chioma, un posticipo della maturazione e un incremento della resa media per ceppo e del peso medio degli acini. Il caolino, grazie alle sue proprietà riflettenti, ha limitato lo stress termico preservando il contenuto di clorofilla e mantenendo una maggiore acidità nelle uve, mentre la zeolite ha mostrato effetti analoghi, mantenendo livelli più elevati di conduttanza stomatica migliorando la capacità di termoregolazione della vite. Tutti i trattamenti hanno inoltre contribuito a contenere l’accumulo di rame nei mosti. Nel complesso, le tre strategie si configurano come pratiche complementari, in grado di contrastare gli effetti del cambiamento climatico e favorire produzioni ottimali sotto il profilo sia qualitativo che quantitativo.
Strategie di adattamento alle ondate di calore in vigneto nell’area del Conegliano Valdobbiadene
PANZERI, RODOLFO
2024/2025
Abstract
Climate change represents one of the major challenges currently faced by global viticulture. Climate is strongly influenced by anthropogenic activities such as deforestation, the use of fossil fuels, and pollution, which lead to the release of large amounts of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. These gases trap heat radiated from the Earth’s surface, preventing its dissipation into space and thereby causing a rise in global temperatures, as well as an increased frequency of extreme weather events. During the 2024–2025 growing seasons, several canopy management strategies were tested on the Glera variety at the Antica Quercia estate, located in the Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco Superiore DOCG area, with the aim of mitigating the negative effects of heatwaves. In each experimental plot, on both sides of the vine rows, treatments were applied using a backpack sprayer with a mixture of kaolin and zeolite suspended in water, and shading nets were installed in an apron configuration. Kaolin is a white, inert, and non-toxic aluminosilicate with reflective properties that can reduce water stress and prevent berry sunburn. Zeolite, also an aluminosilicate mineral of volcanic origin, is used in agriculture for its adsorptive, reflective, and cation-exchange properties. In each treatment, including the untreated control, several measurements were performed to characterize the microclimate within the canopy, including direct berry temperature measurements using thermocouples. In addition, ecophysiological parameters such as stomatal conductance were assessed, along with qualitative and quantitative grape parameters at harvest, specifically soluble solids content, organic acids, and must pH. The results highlighted that the use of shading nets induced a significant reduction in leaf and canopy temperature, a delay in the ripening process, and an increase in both average yield per vine and berry weight. Kaolin, owing to its reflective properties, was effective in mitigating thermal stress by preserving chlorophyll content and maintaining higher acidity levels in the berries, while zeolite exhibited comparable effects, sustaining higher stomatal conductance values thus improving vine’s thermoregulation capacity. Moreover, all treatments contributed to limiting copper accumulation in musts. Overall, the three strategies can be considered as complementary practices, capable of mitigating the effects of climate change and promoting optimal grape production in terms of both quality and quantity.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Panzeri_Rodolfo.pdf
Accesso riservato
Dimensione
3.92 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
3.92 MB | Adobe PDF |
The text of this website © Università degli studi di Padova. Full Text are published under a non-exclusive license. Metadata are under a CC0 License
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/94316