Epilepsy with onset in childhood represents a complex neurological condition, with potential long-term repercussions on the child’s cognitive, emotional, and behavioral development. The variability of clinical phenotypes, the diversity of epileptic syndromes, and the interaction with environmental and genetic factors make it difficult to outline a clear picture of neuropsychological outcomes. The aim of this thesis is to conduct a systematic literature review in order to synthesize current evidence on the effects of childhood epilepsy on neuropsychological functioning, focusing on specific domains such as general intelligence, memory, attention, language, and executive function. Studies published in the last ten years were selected according to PRISMA criteria, using databases such as PubMed, PsycINFO, and Scopus. The results highlight a heterogeneous impact of epileptic seizures on cognitive functions, with a significant role played by variables such as age of onset, frequency and severity of seizures, the presence of structural brain abnormalities, and the pharmacological treatments used. The review emphasizes the importance of early and ongoing neuropsychological monitoring, as well as the integration of personalized interventions into the care pathway. Clinical implications and future research directions are discussed in light of the findings.
L’epilessia con esordio in età infantile rappresenta una condizione neurologica complessa, con possibili ripercussioni a lungo termine sullo sviluppo cognitivo, emotivo e comportamentale del bambino. La variabilità dei fenotipi clinici, la diversità delle sindromi epilettiche e l’interazione con fattori ambientali e genetici rendono difficile delineare un quadro univoco degli outcome neuropsicologici. La presente tesi ha lo scopo di condurre una revisione sistematica della letteratura al fine di sintetizzare le evidenze attuali sugli effetti dell’epilessia infantile sul funzionamento neuropsicologico, considerando domini specifici quali intelligenza generale, memoria, attenzione, linguaggio ed esecutivo. Sono stati selezionati studi pubblicati negli ultimi dieci anni, secondo i criteri PRISMA, attraverso database quali PubMed, PsycINFO e Scopus. I risultati evidenziano un impatto eterogeneo delle crisi epilettiche sulle funzioni cognitive, con un ruolo significativo giocato da variabili quali l’età di esordio, la frequenza e la severità delle crisi, la presenza di anomalie strutturali cerebrali e i trattamenti farmacologici adottati. La revisione sottolinea l’importanza di un monitoraggio neuropsicologico precoce e continuativo, nonché l’integrazione di interventi personalizzati nel percorso di cura. Le implicazioni cliniche e future linee di ricerca vengono discusse alla luce dei risultati emersi.
Outcome neuropsicologici nell'epilessia a esordio infantile: una revisione sistematica della letteratura
ROMEDA, ISA
2024/2025
Abstract
Epilepsy with onset in childhood represents a complex neurological condition, with potential long-term repercussions on the child’s cognitive, emotional, and behavioral development. The variability of clinical phenotypes, the diversity of epileptic syndromes, and the interaction with environmental and genetic factors make it difficult to outline a clear picture of neuropsychological outcomes. The aim of this thesis is to conduct a systematic literature review in order to synthesize current evidence on the effects of childhood epilepsy on neuropsychological functioning, focusing on specific domains such as general intelligence, memory, attention, language, and executive function. Studies published in the last ten years were selected according to PRISMA criteria, using databases such as PubMed, PsycINFO, and Scopus. The results highlight a heterogeneous impact of epileptic seizures on cognitive functions, with a significant role played by variables such as age of onset, frequency and severity of seizures, the presence of structural brain abnormalities, and the pharmacological treatments used. The review emphasizes the importance of early and ongoing neuropsychological monitoring, as well as the integration of personalized interventions into the care pathway. Clinical implications and future research directions are discussed in light of the findings.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/96208