The aging of the Italian population is an increasing phenomenon and a growing number of elderly people are in need of assistance. Aging involves many challenges: physiological changes as the body gradually weakens, and cognitive alterations which may compromise brain functions and lead to pathological conditions such as cognitive deterioration. In addition to this, major life events such as retirement and widowhood, represent some of the most stressful psychosocial transitions associated with longevity. Millions of people listen or create music and they interact every day with it in many different ways, consciously or not. Melody, rhythm, harmony and tone could be ways to interact with ourselves or with the others, as they engage people in a multidimensional manner. Whether listened to, played or sung, music has an important role as it can stimulate elderly people on multiple levels. At the physical level by keeping time with hands or feet, at the cognitive and emotional one by arousing memories and emotions connected with present or past events, and socially by encouraging interaction. Using the “Multiple Case Study” methodology, the study aims to investigate the effects of a musical initiative on the well-being of elders in long-term care facilities, by analysing the behaviour of participants. Specifically, the data are collected through a validated questionnaire and an ad hoc one during a structured interview post-intervention, together with a checklist as a systematic observation tool. In conclusion, the data highlighted a positive impact of music on every elder analysed, therefore music could be considered an important resource for the professional educator engaged in educational practices with the elderly residents in long-term care facilities.
L’invecchiamento della popolazione italiana è un fenomeno sempre più in aumento e sempre più numerose sono le persone anziane bisognose di assistenza. L’anziano che invecchia si scontra, infatti, con molte difficoltà: cambiamenti fisiologici di un corpo che con il passare degli anni cambia e diventa sempre più fragile, modificazioni cognitive che compromettono diverse funzioni cerebrali e possono determinare quadri patologici di decadimento cognitivo, ed infine, avvenimenti come il pensionamento e la vedovanza, sono tra le più stressanti transizioni psicosociali che interessano la longevità. Ogni giorno, milioni di persone ascoltano o creano musica e, siano essi consapevoli o meno, interagiscono con essa in molteplici modi. Melodia, ritmo, armonia e timbro, possono diventare una vera e propria forma di interazione con noi stessi o con gli altri e presentano notevoli potenzialità che coinvolgono la persona in maniera multidimensionale. La musica, ascoltata, suonata o cantata, può stimolare e attivare la persona anziana in molti suoi aspetti: a livello motorio tenendo il tempo con le mani o con i piedi, a livello cognitivo stimolando la memoria e i ricordi, a livello emotivo suscitando emozioni legate al presente o al passato, e a livello sociale promuovendo l’interazione con l’altro. Attraverso la metodologia del Multiple Case Study lo studio si pone l’obiettivo di indagare l’impatto dell’intervento musicale sul benessere dell’anziano residente in RSA, analizzando le risposte e i comportamenti dei partecipanti. Per la raccolta dei dati sono stati utilizzati un questionario validato e un questionario ad hoc somministrati attraverso un’intervista strutturata post-intervento, e una checklist come strumento per l’osservazione sistematica. I dati raccolti hanno evidenziato un impatto positivo della musica su tutti gli anziani presi in analisi, fornendo le basi per definire la musica come un’importante risorsa per l’educatore professionale nella pratica educativa con l’anziano residente in RSA.
MUSICA E ANZIANI IN RSA: Studio di un intervento musicale secondo la metodologia del "Multiple Case Study"
FANTON, ILARIA
2024/2025
Abstract
The aging of the Italian population is an increasing phenomenon and a growing number of elderly people are in need of assistance. Aging involves many challenges: physiological changes as the body gradually weakens, and cognitive alterations which may compromise brain functions and lead to pathological conditions such as cognitive deterioration. In addition to this, major life events such as retirement and widowhood, represent some of the most stressful psychosocial transitions associated with longevity. Millions of people listen or create music and they interact every day with it in many different ways, consciously or not. Melody, rhythm, harmony and tone could be ways to interact with ourselves or with the others, as they engage people in a multidimensional manner. Whether listened to, played or sung, music has an important role as it can stimulate elderly people on multiple levels. At the physical level by keeping time with hands or feet, at the cognitive and emotional one by arousing memories and emotions connected with present or past events, and socially by encouraging interaction. Using the “Multiple Case Study” methodology, the study aims to investigate the effects of a musical initiative on the well-being of elders in long-term care facilities, by analysing the behaviour of participants. Specifically, the data are collected through a validated questionnaire and an ad hoc one during a structured interview post-intervention, together with a checklist as a systematic observation tool. In conclusion, the data highlighted a positive impact of music on every elder analysed, therefore music could be considered an important resource for the professional educator engaged in educational practices with the elderly residents in long-term care facilities.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/97113