Introduction: Aerobic exercise has been shown to be an effective treatment for people with Parkinson’s disease, with positive effects both on general health and on specific aspects of the condition. However, the literature includes only a limited number of studies analysing the effectiveness of different aerobic exercise protocols, particularly high-intensity ones, on the progression and characteristics of this disease. Objective: The aim of this review is to investigate the feasibility and effects of high-intensity aerobic exercise on the progression of motor symptoms in people with Parkinson’s disease, providing an update of the results from the 2023 systematic review by De Sena et al. Methods: The research was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, following the PICOS model to define the eligibility criteria of the study sample. The search was carried out in the PubMed, PEDro, EMBASE, and SCOPUS databases, analysing articles published between 2021 and 2025. Screening was performed using Rayyan software. The RoB 2 tool was used to assess the risk of bias in the studies, while statistical analysis of the results was conducted using the Cochrane RevMan software. Results: The search identified 73 new articles, including 4 RCTs published between 2021 and 2024. The results of these articles were compared with those from the 2023 review by De Sena et al. The methodological quality of the new studies proved to be heterogeneous. Outcomes analysed included the progression of motor symptoms and the feasibility of exercise. Meta-analysis has found results in favour of high intensity exercise compared to no exercise (MD = -5,31; IC 95% = -7,67 a – 2,95; p < 0,00001; I2 = 71%), but it does not appear to be more effective than moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (MD = -2,86; IC 95% = -5,73 a 0,02; p = 0,05; I2 = 50%). This training protocol, however, has proven to be feasible and safe. Conclusion: The results of this review add relevance to those obtained from the review by De Sena et al., especially regarding the feasibility of high-intensity aerobic exercise in people with Parkinson's disease. Nevertheless, results should be interpreted with caution due to heterogeneity among studies, both in methodological quality and in intervention characteristics.
Introduzione: L’esercizio aerobico si è dimostrato un trattamento efficace per le persone con malattia di Parkinson, con effetti positivi sia sullo stato generale di salute, che sugli aspetti specifici della patologia. In letteratura, però, sono presenti pochi studi che analizzano l’efficacia che hanno i diversi protocolli di esercizio aerobico, in particolar modo quelli ad alta intensità, sulla progressione e le caratteristiche di questa patologia. Obiettivo: Lo scopo di questa revisione è quello di indagare la fattibilità di utilizzo e gli effetti, sulla progressione dei sintomi motori, dell’esercizio aerobico ad alta intensità nelle persone con malattia di Parkinson, proponendo un aggiornamento dei risultati della revisione sistematica di De Sena e coll. del 2023. Metodi: La ricerca è stata condotta in conformità delle linee guida PRISMA 2020, seguendo il modello PICOS per definire i criteri di eleggibilità del campione di studio. La ricerca è stata effettuata sui databases PubMed, PEDro, EMBASE e SCOPUS, analizzando articoli pubblicati tra il 2021 e il 2025, mentre lo screening è stato effettuato tramite il software Rayyan. Per la valutazione del rischio di bias degli studi è stato utilizzato lo strumento RoB 2, mentre l’analisi statistica dei risultati è avvenuta utilizzando il programma RevMan di Cochrane. Risultati: La ricerca ha individuato 73 nuovi articoli, includendo 4 RCT, pubblicati tra il 2021 e il 2024. I risultati di questi articoli sono stati confrontati con quelli emersi dalla revisione di De Sena e coll. del 2023. La qualità metodologica dei nuovi studi si è dimostrata eterogenea. Sono stati analizzati, come outcome, la progressione dei sintomi motori e la fattibilità dell’esercizio. Tramite meta-analisi sono stati rilevati risultati a favore dell’utilizzo dell’alta intensità rispetto all’assenza di esercizio (MD = -5,31; IC 95% = -7,67 a – 2,95; p < 0,00001; I2 = 71%), ma non sembrerebbe esserci maggior efficacia rispetto all’esercizio aerobico a intensità moderata (MD = -2,86; IC 95% = -5,73 a 0,02; p = 0,05; I2 = 50%). Questo protocollo di allenamento si è dimostrato fattibile e sicuro. Conclusione: I risultati di questa revisione aggiungono rilevanza a quelli ottenuti dalla revisione di De Sena e coll., soprattutto riguardo la fattibilità dell’esercizio aerobico ad alta intensità nelle persone con malattia di Parkinson. Permane la necessità di interpretare i risultati con cautela a causa dell’eterogeneità tra gli studi, sia nella qualità metodologica, che nelle caratteristiche di intervento.
EFFICACIA E FATTIBILITÁ DELL’ESERCIZIO AEROBICO AD ALTA INTENSITÁ NELLA RIABILITAZIONE MOTORIA DEI PAZIENTI CON MALATTIA DI PARKINSON: AGGIORNAMENTO DI UNA REVISIONE SISTEMATICA E META-ANALISI
BUIATTI, THOMAS
2024/2025
Abstract
Introduction: Aerobic exercise has been shown to be an effective treatment for people with Parkinson’s disease, with positive effects both on general health and on specific aspects of the condition. However, the literature includes only a limited number of studies analysing the effectiveness of different aerobic exercise protocols, particularly high-intensity ones, on the progression and characteristics of this disease. Objective: The aim of this review is to investigate the feasibility and effects of high-intensity aerobic exercise on the progression of motor symptoms in people with Parkinson’s disease, providing an update of the results from the 2023 systematic review by De Sena et al. Methods: The research was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, following the PICOS model to define the eligibility criteria of the study sample. The search was carried out in the PubMed, PEDro, EMBASE, and SCOPUS databases, analysing articles published between 2021 and 2025. Screening was performed using Rayyan software. The RoB 2 tool was used to assess the risk of bias in the studies, while statistical analysis of the results was conducted using the Cochrane RevMan software. Results: The search identified 73 new articles, including 4 RCTs published between 2021 and 2024. The results of these articles were compared with those from the 2023 review by De Sena et al. The methodological quality of the new studies proved to be heterogeneous. Outcomes analysed included the progression of motor symptoms and the feasibility of exercise. Meta-analysis has found results in favour of high intensity exercise compared to no exercise (MD = -5,31; IC 95% = -7,67 a – 2,95; p < 0,00001; I2 = 71%), but it does not appear to be more effective than moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (MD = -2,86; IC 95% = -5,73 a 0,02; p = 0,05; I2 = 50%). This training protocol, however, has proven to be feasible and safe. Conclusion: The results of this review add relevance to those obtained from the review by De Sena et al., especially regarding the feasibility of high-intensity aerobic exercise in people with Parkinson's disease. Nevertheless, results should be interpreted with caution due to heterogeneity among studies, both in methodological quality and in intervention characteristics.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/97132