Total hip replacement is one of the most commonly performed orthopedic procedures worldwide, mainly in response to degenerative joint diseases or other clinical conditions that significantly compromise the functionality of the hip joint. This procedure has been shown to bring significant benefits in terms of pain reduction and improved quality of life, thanks to the recovery of joint function and mobility that was previously compromised. Alongside the development of prosthetics, there has been a continuous evolution of surgical techniques, with the definition of different surgical approaches. Among these, the most relevant are the anterior and posterolateral approaches, which differ not only in terms of how they are performed, but also in terms of the muscle groups involved, recovery times, and the risk of post-operative complications. In the management of rehabilitation treatment, it is therefore essential to also consider the impact of surgical access on the patient's rehabilitation process. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the post-surgical rehabilitation protocols associated with the two main surgical approaches, anterior and posterolateral, exploring their biomechanical and functional differences. Particular attention will be paid to the impact of these differences on recovery times, functionality, the incidence of complications, and pain management. Through the administration of a questionnaire aimed at physical therapists, we intend to investigate whether, and to what extent, surgical technique influences the development of rehabilitation plans in everyday clinical practice.
La protesi totale d’anca rappresenta uno degli interventi ortopedici maggiormente eseguiti a livello globale, principalmente come risposta a patologie degenerative articolari o ad altre condizioni cliniche che compromettono in modo significativo la funzionalità dell’articolazione coxo-femorale. Questo intervento ha dimostrato di apportare benefici rilevanti in termini di riduzione del dolore e miglioramento della qualità di vita, grazie al recupero della funzionalità articolare e della mobilità precedentemente compromessa. Parallelamente allo sviluppo della protesica, si è assistito a una continua evoluzione delle tecniche operatorie, con la definizione di diversi approcci chirurgici. Tra questi, i più rilevanti sono l’accesso anteriore e quello postero- laterale, che si distinguono non solo per modalità di esecuzione, ma anche per il coinvolgimento dei gruppi muscolari, i tempi di recupero e il rischio di complicanze post-operatorie. Nella gestione del trattamento riabilitativo, risulta quindi fondamentale considerare anche l’impatto dell’accesso chirurgico sul percorso riabilitativo del paziente. L'obiettivo di questa tesi è analizzare i protocolli riabilitativi post-chirurgici associati ai due principali approcci chirurgici, anteriore e postero-laterale, approfondendone le differenze biomeccaniche e funzionali. Particolare attenzione sarà rivolta all’impatto di tali differenze sui tempi di recupero, sulla funzionalità, sull’incidenza di complicanze e sulla gestione del dolore. Attraverso la somministrazione di un questionario rivolto ai dottori in fisioterapia, si intende indagare se, e in che misura , la tecnica chirurgica influenzi o meno l’elaborazione del piano riabilitativo nel contesto clinico quotidiano.
PROTESI D'ANCA E ACCESSI CHIRURGICI: INDAGINE SULLA PRATICA RIABILITATIVA
GOBBO, MARTINA
2024/2025
Abstract
Total hip replacement is one of the most commonly performed orthopedic procedures worldwide, mainly in response to degenerative joint diseases or other clinical conditions that significantly compromise the functionality of the hip joint. This procedure has been shown to bring significant benefits in terms of pain reduction and improved quality of life, thanks to the recovery of joint function and mobility that was previously compromised. Alongside the development of prosthetics, there has been a continuous evolution of surgical techniques, with the definition of different surgical approaches. Among these, the most relevant are the anterior and posterolateral approaches, which differ not only in terms of how they are performed, but also in terms of the muscle groups involved, recovery times, and the risk of post-operative complications. In the management of rehabilitation treatment, it is therefore essential to also consider the impact of surgical access on the patient's rehabilitation process. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the post-surgical rehabilitation protocols associated with the two main surgical approaches, anterior and posterolateral, exploring their biomechanical and functional differences. Particular attention will be paid to the impact of these differences on recovery times, functionality, the incidence of complications, and pain management. Through the administration of a questionnaire aimed at physical therapists, we intend to investigate whether, and to what extent, surgical technique influences the development of rehabilitation plans in everyday clinical practice.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/97140