Background: CP (Cerebral Palsy) is the most common neuromotor disorder in childhood; it causes activity limitation in the individual due to the motor and non-motor deficits resulting from brain damage. The child with CP is taken care of from the beginning by the pediatric physiotherapist, who is responsible for "enabling" the child, guiding them in achieving their maximum autonomy and potential. It is also the physiotherapist's task, together with a multidisciplinary team, to contribute to the child's integration process within the school environment, following the perspective of the bio-psycho-social model and the ICF (International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health). Objectives: The thesis aims to investigate, from a historical, legislative, and professional point of view, the difficulties that children with disabilities encounter in the school environment and the role that the physiotherapist occupies in this context. The purpose of this work is to demonstrate the effectiveness of the direct and indirect intervention of physiotherapy in promoting the school inclusion of these children. Materials and methods: Four children diagnosed with CP, aged between 4 and 11, attending “Servizio di Neuroriabilitazione Età Evolutiva del Complesso Socio-Sanitario ai Colli di Padova”, “Servizio Età Evolutiva Neuropsichiatria Infantile di Piove di Sacco”, or participating in the tchoukball activity organized at the Bluekippe gym in Padova, were recruited. After reviewing the clinical records and participating in the year-end GLO (Gruppo di Lavoro Operativo) meetings for the 2024/2025 school year for each child, an interview was administered to the children and another to the parents, focusing on the strengths and difficulties of their school path. Results: All children reported an overall mostly positive school experience, as confirmed by them and their parents, who also highlighted some of their initial concerns. The physiotherapy path undoubtedly helped the child, especially in the separation process from the adult, but the physiotherapist's importance in helping the family find the right strategies for the child's needs was particularly emphasized; it also emerged that the treatment hours are few in relation to the needs of a subject in full growth. Conclusions: The physiotherapist plays a fundamental role during the child with CP's school integration, from environmental and assistive device assessment, to participation in GLO meetings and the drafting of the IEP (Individualized Education Program); in addition to direct rehabilitative treatment, the indirect intervention of physiotherapy is crucial in helping the school and the family find the most suitable solutions to promote the student's growth and learning
Background: La PCI è la patologia neuromotoria più frequente in età evolutiva; essa causa nell’individuo una limitazione dell’attività, a causa dei danni motori e non motori che il danno cerebrale comporta. Il bambino con PCI è preso in carico fin dall’inizio dal fisioterapista che lavora in area pediatrica, che si occupa di “abilitare” il bambino, guidandolo nel raggiungimento della sua massima autonomia e potenzialità. Compito del fisioterapista è anche quello di contribuire, insieme a un’equipe multidisciplinare, nella fase di inserimento e nel percorso del bambino all’interno del contesto scolastico, seguendo l’ottica del modello bio-psico-sociale e dell’ICF. Obiettivi: La tesi si propone di indagare, da un punto di vista storico, legislativo e professionale, le difficoltà che i bambini con disabilità incontrano nell’ambiente scolastico e il ruolo che il fisioterapista occupa in questo contesto. Lo scopo di questo lavoro è di dimostrare l’efficacia che l’intervento diretto e indiretto del fisioterapista ha sul favorire l’inclusione scolastica di questi bambini. Materiali e metodi: Sono stati reclutati 4 bambini con diagnosi di PCI ed età compresa tra i 4 e gli 11 anni, frequentanti il Servizio di Neuroriabilitazione Età Evolutiva del Complesso Socio-Sanitario ai Colli di Padova, il Servizio Età Evolutiva Neuropsichiatria Infantile di Piove di Sacco o partecipanti all’attività di tchoukball organizzata presso la palestra Bluekippe di Padova. Dopo aver preso visione delle cartelle cliniche e partecipato ai GLO di fine anno scolastico 2024/2025 di ogni bambino, si sono somministrate un’intervista ai bambini e una ai genitori, riguardanti punti di forza e difficoltà del loro percorso scolastico. Risultati: Tutti i bambini hanno avuto un’esperienza perlopiù positiva con la scuola, come confermato da loro e dai genitori, che hanno messo in evidenza anche alcune loro preoccupazioni iniziali. Il percorso di fisioterapia ha sicuramente aiutato il bambino soprattutto nel processo di separazione dall’adulto, ma è stata sottolineata in particolare l’importanza del fisioterapista nell’aiutare la famiglia a trovare le giuste strategie per le necessità del figlio. Conclusioni: Il fisioterapista svolge un ruolo fondamentale nel momento dell’inserimento in classe del bambino con PCI, dalla partecipazione ai GLO e alla stesura del PEI, alla valutazione degli ausili e dell’ambiente; oltre al trattamento riabilitativo diretto, è fondamentale l’intervento indiretto della fisioterapia nell’aiutare la scuola e la famiglia a trovare le soluzioni più adatte per favorire la crescita, l’apprendimento e l’inclusione dell’alunno.
Ruolo del fisioterapista nell'inserimento scolastico del soggetto con disabilità neuromotoria. Uno studio qualitativo sul bambino con diagnosi di Paralisi Cerebrale Infantile
PALMARINI, ANNA
2024/2025
Abstract
Background: CP (Cerebral Palsy) is the most common neuromotor disorder in childhood; it causes activity limitation in the individual due to the motor and non-motor deficits resulting from brain damage. The child with CP is taken care of from the beginning by the pediatric physiotherapist, who is responsible for "enabling" the child, guiding them in achieving their maximum autonomy and potential. It is also the physiotherapist's task, together with a multidisciplinary team, to contribute to the child's integration process within the school environment, following the perspective of the bio-psycho-social model and the ICF (International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health). Objectives: The thesis aims to investigate, from a historical, legislative, and professional point of view, the difficulties that children with disabilities encounter in the school environment and the role that the physiotherapist occupies in this context. The purpose of this work is to demonstrate the effectiveness of the direct and indirect intervention of physiotherapy in promoting the school inclusion of these children. Materials and methods: Four children diagnosed with CP, aged between 4 and 11, attending “Servizio di Neuroriabilitazione Età Evolutiva del Complesso Socio-Sanitario ai Colli di Padova”, “Servizio Età Evolutiva Neuropsichiatria Infantile di Piove di Sacco”, or participating in the tchoukball activity organized at the Bluekippe gym in Padova, were recruited. After reviewing the clinical records and participating in the year-end GLO (Gruppo di Lavoro Operativo) meetings for the 2024/2025 school year for each child, an interview was administered to the children and another to the parents, focusing on the strengths and difficulties of their school path. Results: All children reported an overall mostly positive school experience, as confirmed by them and their parents, who also highlighted some of their initial concerns. The physiotherapy path undoubtedly helped the child, especially in the separation process from the adult, but the physiotherapist's importance in helping the family find the right strategies for the child's needs was particularly emphasized; it also emerged that the treatment hours are few in relation to the needs of a subject in full growth. Conclusions: The physiotherapist plays a fundamental role during the child with CP's school integration, from environmental and assistive device assessment, to participation in GLO meetings and the drafting of the IEP (Individualized Education Program); in addition to direct rehabilitative treatment, the indirect intervention of physiotherapy is crucial in helping the school and the family find the most suitable solutions to promote the student's growth and learning| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/97145