Sexual identity is a fundamental aspect of every human being, beginning to develop from early childhood and taking on different forms. One of the essential roles of school is to accompany children on their journey toward full self-awareness and to prepare them to engage positively with others and with the world around them. Topics such as gender expression, gender roles and gender identity, and affective-sexual orientation should be discussed - using appropriate language and methods - in preschool and primary school settings, in order to make children aware both of the pervasive cisheteronormativity that influences ways of living, being, and loving, and of the possibility of questioning and challenging such norms. Children's literature can serve as an effective tool for introducing these topics. The first part of this thesis is dedicated to legitimizing the role of school in educating about sexual identity; to discussing the benefits, characteristics, and possible uses of queer children's literature, as well as the limitations of the Italian context; and to reviewing various international studies on teachers’ opinions regarding the inclusion of LGBTQ+ topics and related literature in schools. Subsequently, the thesis presents a study, part of a broader research project, which assessed the attitudes and comfort levels of Italian in-service and pre-service teachers toward the use of LGBTQ+ themed children's literature, the influence of demographic variables on their opinions, and the effectiveness of a specific training on these topics in positively shifting participants’ viewpoints. Data was collected through an anonymous online survey with both quantitative and qualitative items. Overall, attitudes and comfort levels toward the use of queer literature were generally more positive among individuals who had personal contact with LGBTQ+ people, identified as non-heterosexual, were non-religious, leaned toward left-wing political views, and were younger. In general, those in favor of using queer children’s literature tended to feel comfortable discussing LGBTQ+ rights and homophobia in school, and were less inclined to recommend this type of literature for individual home reading compared to classroom use. Texts featuring transgender characters generated more uncertainty than those depicting non-heterosexual orientations. The proposed training sessions had a positive - though not statistically significant - impact on participants’ opinions, reinforcing the need, already highlighted by numerous studies, for targeted teacher training on these topics.
L’identità sessuale è una sfaccettatura fondamentale di ogni essere umano, che inizia a svilupparsi sin dalla tenera età assumendo declinazioni differenti. La scuola ha tra i suoi compiti imprescindibili quello di accompagnare lɜ bambinɜ verso la piena consapevolezza di sé, e di prepararlɜ ad entrare positivamente in contatto con l’altro da sé e con il mondo che lɜ circonda. Temi come l’espressione, il ruolo e l’identità di genere e l’orientamento affettivo-sessuale dovrebbero essere discussi, con linguaggio e modalità appropriati, nella scuola dell’infanzia e primaria per rendere coscienti lɜ bambinɜ tanto della pervasiva ciseteronormatività che influenza i modi di vivere, essere e amare, quanto della possibilità di mettere in discussione e contrastare tali norme. La letteratura per l’infanzia può costituire un efficace mezzo per introdurre questi argomenti. La prima parte dell’elaborato è dedicata alla legittimazione del ruolo della scuola nell’educazione all’identità sessuale; alla discussione di vantaggi, caratteristiche e possibili modalità d’utilizzo della letteratura queer per l’infanzia, oltre che dei limiti del panorama italiano; al vaglio di varie ricerche in ambito internazionale sulle opinioni dellɜ docenti in merito all’introduzione a scuola delle tematiche LGBTQ+ e della relativa letteratura. Successivamente, viene presentato uno studio, parte di un lavoro di ricerca più ampio, che ha voluto valutare gli atteggiamenti e i livelli di comfort di insegnanti e futurɜ insegnanti italianɜ verso l’uso della letteratura per l’infanzia a tema LGBTQ+, l’influenza delle variabili demografiche su tali opinioni e l’efficacia di una formazione specifica su questi temi nel modificare in positivo i punti di vista dellɜ partecipanti. I dati sono stati raccolti tramite un questionario anonimo online con item sia quantitativi che qualitativi. Gli atteggiamenti e i livelli di comfort verso l’uso della letteratura queer sono mediamente più positivi in particolare tra coloro che hanno avuto contatti con persone LGBTQ+, che si identificano come non-eterosessuali, che sono non credenti, vicinɜ a orientamenti politici di sinistra e più giovani. In generale, chi è favorevole all’uso della letteratura per l’infanzia queer è tendenzialmente a proprio agio a parlare di diritti LGBTQ+ e omofobia a scuola, ed è meno propensǝ a consigliare questo tipo di testi per le letture individuali a casa rispetto ad usarli in classe. I testi con personaggi transgender generano maggior incertezza rispetto a quelli che rappresentano orientamenti sessuali non etero. Gli incontri formativi proposti hanno influito positivamente, seppur non in modo statisticamente rilevante, sulle opinioni dellɜ partecipanti, confermando la necessità già emersa da numerosi studi di una formazione ad hoc per lɜ docenti sulle tematiche in questione.
Queering the bookshelf. Il punto di vista di insegnanti in servizio e in formazione nei confronti della letteratura per l’infanzia come specchio e finestra sulle diverse identità sessuali.
CALZAVARA, CLAUDIA
2024/2025
Abstract
Sexual identity is a fundamental aspect of every human being, beginning to develop from early childhood and taking on different forms. One of the essential roles of school is to accompany children on their journey toward full self-awareness and to prepare them to engage positively with others and with the world around them. Topics such as gender expression, gender roles and gender identity, and affective-sexual orientation should be discussed - using appropriate language and methods - in preschool and primary school settings, in order to make children aware both of the pervasive cisheteronormativity that influences ways of living, being, and loving, and of the possibility of questioning and challenging such norms. Children's literature can serve as an effective tool for introducing these topics. The first part of this thesis is dedicated to legitimizing the role of school in educating about sexual identity; to discussing the benefits, characteristics, and possible uses of queer children's literature, as well as the limitations of the Italian context; and to reviewing various international studies on teachers’ opinions regarding the inclusion of LGBTQ+ topics and related literature in schools. Subsequently, the thesis presents a study, part of a broader research project, which assessed the attitudes and comfort levels of Italian in-service and pre-service teachers toward the use of LGBTQ+ themed children's literature, the influence of demographic variables on their opinions, and the effectiveness of a specific training on these topics in positively shifting participants’ viewpoints. Data was collected through an anonymous online survey with both quantitative and qualitative items. Overall, attitudes and comfort levels toward the use of queer literature were generally more positive among individuals who had personal contact with LGBTQ+ people, identified as non-heterosexual, were non-religious, leaned toward left-wing political views, and were younger. In general, those in favor of using queer children’s literature tended to feel comfortable discussing LGBTQ+ rights and homophobia in school, and were less inclined to recommend this type of literature for individual home reading compared to classroom use. Texts featuring transgender characters generated more uncertainty than those depicting non-heterosexual orientations. The proposed training sessions had a positive - though not statistically significant - impact on participants’ opinions, reinforcing the need, already highlighted by numerous studies, for targeted teacher training on these topics.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/99861