The physical stability and sensory acceptability of anhydrous spreadable creams depend on a fine particle size (< 30 µm), obtained through dedicated refining processes. This study, resulting from a collaboration between Giordan Srl and Esseci Tecnofood, investigated the technical feasibility of producing such creams using a pressure/vacuum cooker, a machine not originally designed for this specific application. The objective was to validate an alternative refining process, simulating the principle of a ball mill by inserting grinding media (steel spheres) into the processing chamber. A pilot-scale model (Thermomix TM31) was employed to compare the effectiveness of the cutting system alone (cutter, C-1h) versus the system with balls at different processing times (1, 1.5, and 2 hours). Particle size evolution (micrometer), rheological properties (Power Law model), and physical stability (Oil Binding Capacity, OBC) were analyzed. The tests were conducted on a laboratory scale, followed by a validation on a pilot scale. The results demonstrated a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) for the method with balls, which reached the particle size target (average 30.2 µm) in 120 minutes (B-2h). The cutter alone halted at 168.0 µm. The size reduction induced the expected structural changes: an increase in the consistency index, a more marked pseudoplastic behavior (measurable via the flow behavior index), and superior oil retention, indicating greater stability. Although the pilot study validated the technological principle, preliminary scale-up tests on the industrial cooker highlighted mechanical criticalities and lower efficiency due to the increased volume of treated cream. It is concluded that industrial application requires a further R&D phase focused on mechanical strengthening and process parameter optimization.
La stabilità fisica e l'accettabilità sensoriale delle creme spalmabili anidre dipendono da una granulometria fine (< 30 µm), ottenuta tramite processi di raffinazione dedicati. Questo studio, nato dalla collaborazione tra Giordan Srl ed Esseci Tecnofood, ha investigato la fattibilità tecnica di produrre tali creme utilizzando un cuocitore in pressione/sottovuoto, un macchinario non concepito per questa applicazione specifica. L'obiettivo era validare un processo di raffinazione alternativo, simulando il principio di un mulino a biglie tramite l'inserimento di mezzi di macinazione (sfere d'acciaio) nella camera di processo. È stato impiegato un modello su scala pilota (Bimby TM31) per confrontare l'efficacia del solo sistema di taglio (cutter, C-1h) rispetto al sistema con biglie a diversi tempi (1, 1,5 e 2 ore). Sono state analizzate l'evoluzione granulometrica (micrometro), le proprietà reologiche (modello Power Law) e la stabilità fisica (Oil Binding Capacity, OBC). Le prove sono state condotte su scala laboratorio, seguite da una validazione su scala pilota. I risultati hanno dimostrato una differenza statisticamente significativa (p < 0.001) del metodo con biglie, che ha raggiunto il target granulometrico (media 30,2 µm) in 120 minuti (B-2h). Il solo cutter si è fermato a 168,0 µm. La riduzione dimensionale ha indotto i cambiamenti strutturali attesi: un aumento dell'indice di consistenza, un comportamento pseudoplastico più marcato (misurabile mediante l’indice di non newtonianità) e una superiore ritenzione dell'olio, indicando maggiore stabilità. Sebbene lo studio pilota abbia validato il principio tecnologico, i test preliminari di scale-up sul cuocitore industriale hanno evidenziato criticità meccaniche e una minore efficienza dovuta all’aumento del volume di crema trattato. Si conclude che l'applicazione industriale richiede un'ulteriore fase di R&D focalizzata sull'irrobustimento meccanico e sull'ottimizzazione dei parametri di processo.
Studio sperimentale sulla riduzione granulometrica di una crema spalmabile: approccio pilota e prospettive industriali
VISENTIN, PAOLO
2024/2025
Abstract
The physical stability and sensory acceptability of anhydrous spreadable creams depend on a fine particle size (< 30 µm), obtained through dedicated refining processes. This study, resulting from a collaboration between Giordan Srl and Esseci Tecnofood, investigated the technical feasibility of producing such creams using a pressure/vacuum cooker, a machine not originally designed for this specific application. The objective was to validate an alternative refining process, simulating the principle of a ball mill by inserting grinding media (steel spheres) into the processing chamber. A pilot-scale model (Thermomix TM31) was employed to compare the effectiveness of the cutting system alone (cutter, C-1h) versus the system with balls at different processing times (1, 1.5, and 2 hours). Particle size evolution (micrometer), rheological properties (Power Law model), and physical stability (Oil Binding Capacity, OBC) were analyzed. The tests were conducted on a laboratory scale, followed by a validation on a pilot scale. The results demonstrated a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) for the method with balls, which reached the particle size target (average 30.2 µm) in 120 minutes (B-2h). The cutter alone halted at 168.0 µm. The size reduction induced the expected structural changes: an increase in the consistency index, a more marked pseudoplastic behavior (measurable via the flow behavior index), and superior oil retention, indicating greater stability. Although the pilot study validated the technological principle, preliminary scale-up tests on the industrial cooker highlighted mechanical criticalities and lower efficiency due to the increased volume of treated cream. It is concluded that industrial application requires a further R&D phase focused on mechanical strengthening and process parameter optimization.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/101617