Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a psychotherapeutic intervention with well-established efficacy in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and its application has been progressively extended to a broader spectrum of other psychological disorders and conditions of emotional dysregulation. Despite robust clinical evidence supporting its effectiveness, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying EMDR have yet to be fully clarified and continue to be the subject of ongoing empirical investigation. The present work provides a systematic review of studies employing a range of neuroimaging techniques (EEG, MRI, fMRI, NIRS, PET e SPECT) to investigate the functional and structural neural reorganizations associated with EMDR, as measured before, during, and after the administration of the EMDR protocol or bilateral stimulation. A total of 45 studies were identified and examined. Their main findings were synthesized in order to identify the brain regions and neural circuits deemed to be most consistently implicated in EMDR-related processes, and were subsequently discussed in relation to the main theoretical frameworks developed to date to explain the mechanisms of action underlying this therapeutic approach.
La desensibilizzazione e rielaborazione attraverso i movimenti oculari (EMDR) è un approccio terapeutico di comprovata efficacia nel trattamento del disturbo da stress post-traumatico (PTSD), la cui applicazione è stata progressivamente estesa anche ad altri disturbi psicologici e condizioni di disagio emotivo. Nonostante la solidità delle evidenze cliniche, i meccanismi neurobiologici alla base dell’efficacia dell’EMDR non sono ancora stati del tutto chiariti e rimangono oggetto di indagine. Il presente contributo presenta una revisione sistematica della letteratura scientifica che ha impiegato tecniche di neuroimaging (EEG, MRI, fMRI, NIRS, PET e SPECT) per analizzare le riorganizzazioni funzionali e strutturali osservabili prima, durante e dopo l’applicazione del protocollo EMDR o della sola stimolazione bilaterale. Sono stati identificati 45 studi, di cui sono stati sintetizzati e discussi i principali risultati, al fine di mettere in evidenza le aree cerebrali e i circuiti neurali che si ritengono essere maggiormente coinvolti nei processi associati all’EMDR. I dati emersi sono infine stati messi in relazione con i principali modelli teorici finora sviluppati per spiegare i meccanismi d’azione di questa terapia.
Basi neurobiologiche dei meccanismi d’azione dell’EMDR
ADDIVINOLA, GABRIELLA
2024/2025
Abstract
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a psychotherapeutic intervention with well-established efficacy in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and its application has been progressively extended to a broader spectrum of other psychological disorders and conditions of emotional dysregulation. Despite robust clinical evidence supporting its effectiveness, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying EMDR have yet to be fully clarified and continue to be the subject of ongoing empirical investigation. The present work provides a systematic review of studies employing a range of neuroimaging techniques (EEG, MRI, fMRI, NIRS, PET e SPECT) to investigate the functional and structural neural reorganizations associated with EMDR, as measured before, during, and after the administration of the EMDR protocol or bilateral stimulation. A total of 45 studies were identified and examined. Their main findings were synthesized in order to identify the brain regions and neural circuits deemed to be most consistently implicated in EMDR-related processes, and were subsequently discussed in relation to the main theoretical frameworks developed to date to explain the mechanisms of action underlying this therapeutic approach.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/101716