Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) is a compound belonging to the PFAS family, characterized by high environmental persistence and increasing scientific interest due to its widespread presence in environmental matrices, particularly in drinking water. This thesis examines the origin and environmental distribution of TFA, describing its main physicochemical characteristics and its natural and anthropogenic sources. The role of drinking water as the primary route of human exposure is analyzed, with a focus on the pathways through which TFA can reach water systems intended for human consumption. Special attention is given to the effects on human health resulting from the chronic intake of contaminated drinking water, with reference to mechanisms of toxicity and potential associated pathologies. Finally, this thesis discusses the main analytical methods for TFA detection, indications regarding possible concentration limits in drinking water, and the difficulties associated with its removal, highlighting emerging technologies currently under investigation for the reduction or elimination of this contaminant.
L’acido trifluoroacetico (TFA) è un composto appartenente alla famiglia dei PFAS, caratterizzato da elevata persistenza ambientale e crescente interesse scientifico per la sua diffusione nelle matrici ambientali, in particolare nelle acque potabili. Questa tesi analizza la provenienza e la diffusione ambientale del TFA, descrivendone le principali caratteristiche chimico-fisiche e le fonti di origine naturale e antropica. Viene approfondito il ruolo dell’acqua potabile come principale via di esposizione per l’uomo, illustrando i meccanismi attraverso cui il TFA può raggiungere i sistemi idrici destinati al consumo umano. Particolare attenzione è dedicata agli effetti sulla salute umana derivanti dall’assunzione cronica di acqua contaminata, con riferimento ai meccanismi di tossicità e alle potenziali patologie associate. Infine, la tesi esamina i principali metodi analitici per il rilevamento del TFA, le indicazioni sui possibili limiti di concentrazione nelle acque potabili e le difficoltà legate alla sua rimozione, evidenziando le tecnologie emergenti attualmente in fase di studio per la riduzione o l’eliminazione di questo contaminante.
Contaminazione delle acque potabili da acido trifluoroacetico (TFA) e implicazioni per la salute umana
MESSI, SIMONE
2025/2026
Abstract
Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) is a compound belonging to the PFAS family, characterized by high environmental persistence and increasing scientific interest due to its widespread presence in environmental matrices, particularly in drinking water. This thesis examines the origin and environmental distribution of TFA, describing its main physicochemical characteristics and its natural and anthropogenic sources. The role of drinking water as the primary route of human exposure is analyzed, with a focus on the pathways through which TFA can reach water systems intended for human consumption. Special attention is given to the effects on human health resulting from the chronic intake of contaminated drinking water, with reference to mechanisms of toxicity and potential associated pathologies. Finally, this thesis discusses the main analytical methods for TFA detection, indications regarding possible concentration limits in drinking water, and the difficulties associated with its removal, highlighting emerging technologies currently under investigation for the reduction or elimination of this contaminant.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/105830