Riboflavin is a water-soluble vitamin (B2) naturally present in wine. In winemaking, this vitamin is known to be a photosensitive agent responsible for the "Light struck." When exposed to specific light radiation (UV-blue), riboflavin triggers photooxidation reactions that lead to the formation of malodorous sulphur compounds, compromising the wine's aromatic profile. It is known that the main source of riboflavin in wine is yeast, which releases it during fermentation. However, while many studies describe increases in riboflavin during the fermentation of still wines, very little studies have evaluated the behaviour of yeast under the conditions of refermentation of sparkling wines. Specifically, during the fermentation of a classic method wine, riboflavin release could occur both during the fermentation process itself and during yeast autolysis in the bottle. To understand the evolution of riboflavin in this type of wine, a base wine was refermented in the bottle with four different commercial yeasts (two low- and two high-riboflavin producers). The riboflavin concentration was monitored during refermentation and during the lees aging process, taking a sample every month for eight months. The results showed that during the refermentation phase riboflavin does not increase, probably due to the reduced sugar consumption that occurs in this phase (generally a maximum of 24 g/L), while a gradual increase in the vitamin in solution is observed after 6-7 months, periods that probably coincide with the beginning of autolysis of the yeast cells.
La riboflavina è una vitamina idrosolubile (B2) naturalmente presente nel vino. In enologia, questa vitamina è nota per essere un agente fotosensibile responsabile del "Gusto di Luce". Se esposta a specifiche radiazioni luminose (UV-blu), infatti, la riboflavina innesca reazioni di foto-ossidazione che portano alla formazione di composti solforati maleodoranti, compromettendo il profilo aromatico del vino. È noto che la fonte principale di riboflavina nel vino è il lievito che la rilascia durante la fermentazione. Ma mentre sono molti gli studi che descrivono l’aumento di riboflavina durante la fermentazione di un vino fermo, non esistono finora molti studi che abbiano valutato il comportamento del lievito nelle condizioni di rifermentazione di un vino spumante. In particolare, durante la fermentazione di un vino con metodo classico il rilascio di riboflavina potrebbe avvenire sia nella fase di fermentazione vera e propria che nella fase di autolisi del lievito in bottiglia. Per capire quindi quale può essere l’evoluzione della riboflavina in questa tipologia di prodotto, un vino base è stato rifermentato in bottiglia con 4 diversi lieviti commerciali (2 basso produttori e 2 alto produttori di riboflavina) ed è stata monitorata la concentrazione di riboflavina durante la rifermentazione e durante il processo di sosta sulle fecce prelevando un campione ogni mese per 8 mesi. I risultati hanno mostrato che durante la fase di rifermentazione la riboflavina non aumenta, probabilmente a causa del ridotto consumo di zuccheri che avviene in questa fase (in genere al massimo 24 g/L) mentre si osserva un aumento graduale della vitamina in soluzione dopo 6-7 mesi, periodo che coincide probabilmente con l’inizio dell’autolisi delle cellule di lievito.
Studio dell’evoluzione della riboflavina durante la rifermentazione con metodo classico
SECCHI, MARCO
2025/2026
Abstract
Riboflavin is a water-soluble vitamin (B2) naturally present in wine. In winemaking, this vitamin is known to be a photosensitive agent responsible for the "Light struck." When exposed to specific light radiation (UV-blue), riboflavin triggers photooxidation reactions that lead to the formation of malodorous sulphur compounds, compromising the wine's aromatic profile. It is known that the main source of riboflavin in wine is yeast, which releases it during fermentation. However, while many studies describe increases in riboflavin during the fermentation of still wines, very little studies have evaluated the behaviour of yeast under the conditions of refermentation of sparkling wines. Specifically, during the fermentation of a classic method wine, riboflavin release could occur both during the fermentation process itself and during yeast autolysis in the bottle. To understand the evolution of riboflavin in this type of wine, a base wine was refermented in the bottle with four different commercial yeasts (two low- and two high-riboflavin producers). The riboflavin concentration was monitored during refermentation and during the lees aging process, taking a sample every month for eight months. The results showed that during the refermentation phase riboflavin does not increase, probably due to the reduced sugar consumption that occurs in this phase (generally a maximum of 24 g/L), while a gradual increase in the vitamin in solution is observed after 6-7 months, periods that probably coincide with the beginning of autolysis of the yeast cells.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/110378